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Argentina rich plains of the Pampas in northern half, flat to rolling plateau of Patagonia in south, rugged Andes along western border
Armenia Armenian Highland with mountains; little forest land; fast flowing rivers; good soil in Aras River valley
Aruba flat with a few hills; scant vegetation
Ashmore and Cartier Islands low with sand and coral
Atlantic Ocean surface usually covered with sea ice in Labrador Sea, Denmark Strait, and coastal portions of the Baltic Sea from October to June; clockwise warm-water gyre (broad, circular system of currents) in the northern Atlantic, counterclockwise warm-water gyre in the southern Atlantic; the ocean floor is dominated by the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a rugged north-south centerline for the entire Atlantic basin
Australia mostly low plateau with deserts; fertile plain in southeast
Austria in the west and south mostly mountains (Alps); along the eastern and northern margins mostly flat or gently sloping
Azerbaijan large, flat Kur-Araz Ovaligi (Kura-Araks Lowland) (much of it below sea level) with Great Caucasus Mountains to the north, Qarabag Yaylasi (Karabakh Upland) in west; Baku lies on Abseron Yasaqligi (Apsheron Peninsula) that juts into Caspian Sea
Bahamas, The long, flat coral formations with some low rounded hills
Bahrain mostly low desert plain rising gently to low central escarpment
Baker Island low, nearly level coral island surrounded by a narrow fringing reef
Bangladesh mostly flat alluvial plain; hilly in southeast
Barbados relatively flat; rises gently to central highland region
Bassas da India volcanic rock
Belarus generally flat and contains much marshland
Belgium flat coastal plains in northwest, central rolling hills, rugged mountains of Ardennes Forest in southeast
Belize flat, swampy coastal plain; low mountains in south
Benin mostly flat to undulating plain; some hills and low mountains
Bermuda low hills separated by fertile depressions
Bhutan mostly mountainous with some fertile valleys and savanna
Bolivia rugged Andes Mountains with a highland plateau (Altiplano), hills, lowland plains of the Amazon Basin
Bosnia and Herzegovina mountains and valleys
Botswana predominantly flat to gently rolling tableland; Kalahari Desert in southwest
Bouvet Island volcanic; coast is mostly inaccessible
Brazil mostly flat to rolling lowlands in north; some plains, hills, mountains, and narrow coastal belt
British Indian Ocean Territory flat and low (most areas do not exceed four meters in elevation)
British Virgin Islands coral islands relatively flat; volcanic islands steep, hilly
Brunei flat coastal plain rises to mountains in east; hilly lowland in west
Bulgaria mostly mountains with lowlands in north and southeast
Burkina Faso mostly flat to dissected, undulating plains; hills in west and southeast
Burma central lowlands ringed by steep, rugged highlands
Burundi hilly and mountainous, dropping to a plateau in east, some plains
Cambodia mostly low, flat plains; mountains in southwest and north
Cameroon diverse, with coastal plain in southwest, dissected plateau in center, mountains in west, plains in north
Canada mostly plains with mountains in west and lowlands in southeast
Cape Verde steep, rugged, rocky, volcanic
Cayman Islands low-lying limestone base surrounded by coral reefs
Central African Republic vast, flat to rolling, monotonous plateau; scattered hills in northeast and southwest
Chad broad, arid plains in center, desert in north, mountains in northwest, lowlands in south
Chile low coastal mountains; fertile central valley; rugged Andes in east
China mostly mountains, high plateaus, deserts in west; plains, deltas, and hills in east
Christmas Island steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau
Clipperton Island coral atoll
Cocos (Keeling) Islands flat, low-lying coral atolls
Colombia flat coastal lowlands, central highlands, high Andes Mountains, eastern lowland plains
Comoros volcanic islands, interiors vary from steep mountains to low hills
Congo, Democratic Republic of the vast central basin is a low-lying plateau; mountains in east
Congo, Republic of the coastal plain, southern basin, central plateau, northern basin
Cook Islands low coral atolls in north; volcanic, hilly islands in south
Coral Sea Islands sand and coral reefs and islands (or cays)
Costa Rica coastal plains separated by rugged mountains including over 100 volcanic cones, of which several are major volcanoes
Cote d'Ivoire mostly flat to undulating plains; mountains in northwest
Croatia geographically diverse; flat plains along Hungarian border, low mountains and highlands near Adriatic coastline and islands
Cuba mostly flat to rolling plains, with rugged hills and mountains in the southeast
Cyprus central plain with mountains to north and south; scattered but significant plains along southern coast
Czech Republic Bohemia in the west consists of rolling plains, hills, and plateaus surrounded by low mountains; Moravia in the east consists of very hilly country
Denmark low and flat to gently rolling plains
Djibouti coastal plain and plateau separated by central mountains
Dominica rugged mountains of volcanic origin
Dominican Republic rugged highlands and mountains with fertile valleys interspersed
East Timor mountainous
Ecuador coastal plain (costa), inter-Andean central highlands (sierra), and flat to rolling eastern jungle (oriente)
Egypt vast desert plateau interrupted by Nile valley and delta
El Salvador mostly mountains with narrow coastal belt and central plateau
Equatorial Guinea coastal plains rise to interior hills; islands are volcanic
Eritrea dominated by extension of Ethiopian north-south trending highlands, descending on the east to a coastal desert plain, on the northwest to hilly terrain and on the southwest to flat-to-rolling plains
Estonia marshy, lowlands; flat in the north, hilly in the south
Ethiopia high plateau with central mountain range divided by Great Rift Valley
Europa Island low and flat
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains
Faroe Islands rugged, rocky, some low peaks; cliffs along most of coast
Fiji mostly mountains of volcanic origin
Finland mostly low, flat to rolling plains interspersed with lakes and low hills
France mostly flat plains or gently rolling hills in north and west; remainder is mountainous, especially Pyrenees in south, Alps in east
French Guiana low-lying coastal plains rising to hills and small mountains
French Polynesia mixture of rugged high islands and low islands with reefs
French Southern and Antarctic Lands volcanic
Gabon narrow coastal plain; hilly interior; savanna in east and south
Gambia, The flood plain of the Gambia River flanked by some low hills
Gaza Strip flat to rolling, sand- and dune-covered coastal plain
Georgia largely mountainous with Great Caucasus Mountains in the north and Lesser Caucasus Mountains in the south; Kolkhet'is Dablobi (Kolkhida Lowland) opens to the Black Sea in the west; Mtkvari River Basin in the east; good soils in river valley flood plains, foothills of Kolkhida Lowland
Germany lowlands in north, uplands in center, Bavarian Alps in south
Ghana mostly low plains with dissected plateau in south-central area
Gibraltar a narrow coastal lowland borders the Rock of Gibraltar
Glorioso Islands low and flat
Greece mostly mountains with ranges extending into the sea as peninsulas or chains of islands
Greenland flat to gradually sloping icecap covers all but a narrow, mountainous, barren, rocky coast
Grenada volcanic in origin with central mountains
Guadeloupe Basse-Terre is volcanic in origin with interior mountains; Grande-Terre is low limestone formation; most of the seven other islands are volcanic in origin
Guam volcanic origin, surrounded by coral reefs; relatively flat coralline limestone plateau (source of most fresh water), with steep coastal cliffs and narrow coastal plains in north, low hills in center, mountains in south
Guatemala mostly mountains with narrow coastal plains and rolling limestone plateau (Peten)
Guernsey mostly level with low hills in southwest
Guinea generally flat coastal plain, hilly to mountainous interior
Guinea-Bissau mostly low coastal plain rising to savanna in east
Guyana mostly rolling highlands; low coastal plain; savanna in south
Haiti mostly rough and mountainous
Heard Island and McDonald Islands Heard Island - 80% ice-covered, bleak and mountainous, dominated by a large massif (Big Ben) and an active volcano (Mawson Peak); McDonald Islands - small and rocky
Holy See (Vatican City) low hill
Honduras mostly mountains in interior, narrow coastal plains
Hong Kong hilly to mountainous with steep slopes; lowlands in north
Howland Island low-lying, nearly level, sandy, coral island surrounded by a narrow fringing reef; depressed central area
Hungary mostly flat to rolling plains; hills and low mountains on the Slovakian border
Iceland mostly plateau interspersed with mountain peaks, icefields; coast deeply indented by bays and fiords
India upland plain (Deccan Plateau) in south, flat to rolling plain along the Ganges, deserts in west, Himalayas in north
Indian Ocean surface dominated by counterclockwise gyre (broad, circular system of currents) in the southern Indian Ocean; unique reversal of surface currents in the northern Indian Ocean; low atmospheric pressure over southwest Asia from hot, rising, summer air results in the southwest monsoon and southwest-to-northeast winds and currents, while high pressure over northern Asia from cold, falling, winter air results in the northeast monsoon and northeast-to-southwest winds and currents; ocean floor is dominated by the Mid-Indian Ocean Ridge and subdivided by the Southeast Indian Ocean Ridge, Southwest Indian Ocean Ridge, and Ninetyeast Ridge
Indonesia mostly coastal lowlands; larger islands have interior mountains
Iran rugged, mountainous rim; high, central basin with deserts, mountains; small, discontinuous plains along both coasts
Iraq mostly broad plains; reedy marshes along Iranian border in south with large flooded areas; mountains along borders with Iran and Turkey
Ireland mostly level to rolling interior plain surrounded by rugged hills and low mountains; sea cliffs on west coast
Israel Negev desert in the south; low coastal plain; central mountains; Jordan Rift Valley
Italy mostly rugged and mountainous; some plains, coastal lowlands
Jamaica mostly mountains, with narrow, discontinuous coastal plain
Jan Mayen volcanic island, partly covered by glaciers
Japan mostly rugged and mountainous
Jarvis Island sandy, coral island surrounded by a narrow fringing reef
Jersey gently rolling plain with low, rugged hills along north coast
Johnston Atoll mostly flat
Jordan mostly desert plateau in east, highland area in west; Great Rift Valley separates East and West Banks of the Jordan River
Juan de Nova Island low and flat
Kazakhstan extends from the Volga to the Altai Mountains and from the plains in western Siberia to oases and desert in Central Asia
Kenya low plains rise to central highlands bisected by Great Rift Valley; fertile plateau in west
Kingman Reef low and nearly level
Kiribati mostly low-lying coral atolls surrounded by extensive reefs
Korea, North mostly hills and mountains separated by deep, narrow valleys; coastal plains wide in west, discontinuous in east
Korea, South mostly hills and mountains; wide coastal plains in west and south
Kuwait flat to slightly undulating desert plain
Kyrgyzstan peaks of Tien Shan and associated valleys and basins encompass entire nation
Laos mostly rugged mountains; some plains and plateaus
Latvia low plain
Lebanon narrow coastal plain; El Beqaa (Bekaa Valley) separates Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon Mountains
Lesotho mostly highland with plateaus, hills, and mountains
Liberia mostly flat to rolling coastal plains rising to rolling plateau and low mountains in northeast
Libya mostly barren, flat to undulating plains, plateaus, depressions
Liechtenstein mostly mountainous (Alps) with Rhine Valley in western third
Lithuania lowland, many scattered small lakes, fertile soil
Luxembourg mostly gently rolling uplands with broad, shallow valleys; uplands to slightly mountainous in the north; steep slope down to Moselle flood plain in the southeast
Macau generally flat
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of mountainous territory covered with deep basins and valleys; three large lakes, each divided by a frontier line; country bisected by the Vardar River
Madagascar narrow coastal plain, high plateau and mountains in center
Malawi narrow elongated plateau with rolling plains, rounded hills, some mountains
Malaysia coastal plains rising to hills and mountains
Maldives flat, with white sandy beaches
Mali mostly flat to rolling northern plains covered by sand; savanna in south, rugged hills in northeast
Malta mostly low, rocky, flat to dissected plains; many coastal cliffs
Man, Isle of hills in north and south bisected by central valley
Marshall Islands low coral limestone and sand islands
Martinique mountainous with indented coastline; dormant volcano
Mauritania mostly barren, flat plains of the Sahara; some central hills
Mauritius small coastal plain rising to discontinuous mountains encircling central plateau
Mayotte generally undulating, with deep ravines and ancient volcanic peaks
Mexico high, rugged mountains; low coastal plains; high plateaus; desert
Micronesia, Federated States of islands vary geologically from high mountainous islands to low, coral atolls; volcanic outcroppings on Pohnpei, Kosrae, and Chuuk
Midway Islands low, nearly level
Moldova rolling steppe, gradual slope south to Black Sea
Monaco hilly, rugged, rocky
Mongolia vast semidesert and desert plains, grassy steppe, mountains in west and southwest; Gobi Desert in south-central
Montserrat volcanic island, mostly mountainous, with small coastal lowland
Morocco northern coast and interior are mountainous with large areas of bordering plateaus, intermontane valleys, and rich coastal plains
Mozambique mostly coastal lowlands, uplands in center, high plateaus in northwest, mountains in west
Namibia mostly high plateau; Namib Desert along coast; Kalahari Desert in east
Nauru sandy beach rises to fertile ring around raised coral reefs with phosphate plateau in center
Navassa Island raised coral and limestone plateau, flat to undulating; ringed by vertical white cliffs (9 to 15 m high)
Nepal Terai or flat river plain of the Ganges in south, central hill region, rugged Himalayas in north
Netherlands mostly coastal lowland and reclaimed land (polders); some hills in southeast
Netherlands Antilles generally hilly, volcanic interiors
New Caledonia coastal plains with interior mountains
New Zealand predominately mountainous with some large coastal plains
Nicaragua extensive Atlantic coastal plains rising to central interior mountains; narrow Pacific coastal plain interrupted by volcanoes
Niger predominately desert plains and sand dunes; flat to rolling plains in south; hills in north
Nigeria southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus; mountains in southeast, plains in north
Niue steep limestone cliffs along coast, central plateau
Norfolk Island volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains
Northern Mariana Islands southern islands are limestone with level terraces and fringing coral reefs; northern islands are volcanic
Norway glaciated; mostly high plateaus and rugged mountains broken by fertile valleys; small, scattered plains; coastline deeply indented by fjords; arctic tundra in north
Oman central desert plain, rugged mountains in north and south
Pacific Ocean surface currents in the northern Pacific are dominated by a clockwise, warm-water gyre (broad circular system of currents) and in the southern Pacific by a counterclockwise, cool-water gyre; in the northern Pacific, sea ice forms in the Bering Sea and Sea of Okhotsk in winter; in the southern Pacific, sea ice from Antarctica reaches its northernmost extent in October; the ocean floor in the eastern Pacific is dominated by the East Pacific Rise, while the western Pacific is dissected by deep trenches, including the Mariana Trench, which is the world's deepest
Pakistan flat Indus plain in east; mountains in north and northwest; Balochistan plateau in west
Palau varying geologically from the high, mountainous main island of Babelthuap to low, coral islands usually fringed by large barrier reefs
Palmyra Atoll very low
Panama interior mostly steep, rugged mountains and dissected, upland plains; coastal areas largely plains and rolling hills
Papua New Guinea mostly mountains with coastal lowlands and rolling foothills
Paracel Islands mostly low and flat
Paraguay grassy plains and wooded hills east of Rio Paraguay; Gran Chaco region west of Rio Paraguay mostly low, marshy plain near the river, and dry forest and thorny scrub elsewhere
Peru western coastal plain (costa), high and rugged Andes in center (sierra), eastern lowland jungle of Amazon Basin (selva)
Philippines mostly mountains with narrow to extensive coastal lowlands
Pitcairn Islands rugged volcanic formation; rocky coastline with cliffs
Poland mostly flat plain; mountains along southern border
Portugal mountainous north of the Tagus River, rolling plains in south
Puerto Rico mostly mountains, with coastal plain belt in north; mountains precipitous to sea on west coast; sandy beaches along most coastal areas
Qatar mostly flat and barren desert covered with loose sand and gravel
Reunion mostly rugged and mountainous; fertile lowlands along coast
Romania central Transylvanian Basin is separated from the Plain of Moldavia on the east by the Carpathian Mountains and separated from the Walachian Plain on the south by the Transylvanian Alps
Russia broad plain with low hills west of Urals; vast coniferous forest and tundra in Siberia; uplands and mountains along southern border regions
Rwanda mostly grassy uplands and hills; relief is mountainous with altitude declining from west to east
Saint Helena Saint Helena - rugged, volcanic; small scattered plateaus and plains note: the other islands of the group have a volcanic origin
Saint Kitts and Nevis volcanic with mountainous interiors
Saint Lucia volcanic and mountainous with some broad, fertile valleys
Saint Pierre and Miquelon mostly barren rock
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines volcanic, mountainous
Samoa narrow coastal plain with volcanic, rocky, rugged mountains in interior
San Marino rugged mountains
Sao Tome and Principe volcanic, mountainous
Saudi Arabia mostly uninhabited, sandy desert
Senegal generally low, rolling, plains rising to foothills in southeast
Serbia and Montenegro extremely varied; to the north, rich fertile plains; to the east, limestone ranges and basins; to the southeast, ancient mountains and hills; to the southwest, extremely high shoreline with no islands off the coast
Seychelles Mahe Group is granitic, narrow coastal strip, rocky, hilly; others are coral, flat, elevated reefs
Sierra Leone coastal belt of mangrove swamps, wooded hill country, upland plateau, mountains in east
Singapore lowland; gently undulating central plateau contains water catchment area and nature preserve
Slovakia rugged mountains in the central and northern part and lowlands in the south
Slovenia a short coastal strip on the Adriatic, an alpine mountain region adjacent to Italy and Austria, mixed mountains and valleys with numerous rivers to the east
Solomon Islands mostly rugged mountains with some low coral atolls
Somalia mostly flat to undulating plateau rising to hills in north
South Africa vast interior plateau rimmed by rugged hills and narrow coastal plain
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous; South Georgia is largely barren and has steep, glacier-covered mountains; the South Sandwich Islands are of volcanic origin with some active volcanoes
Southern Ocean the Southern Ocean is deep, 4,000 to 5,000 meters over most of its extent with only limited areas of shallow water; the Antarctic continental shelf is generally narrow and unusually deep, its edge lying at depths of 400 to 800 meters (the global mean is 133 meters); the Antarctic icepack grows from an average minimum of 2.6 million square kilometers in March to about 18.8 million square kilometers in September, better than a sixfold increase in area; the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (21,000 km in length) moves perpetually eastward; it is the world's largest ocean current, transporting 130 million cubic meters of water per second - 100 times the flow of all the world's rivers
Spain large, flat to dissected plateau surrounded by rugged hills; Pyrenees in north
Spratly Islands flat
Sri Lanka mostly low, flat to rolling plain; mountains in south-central interior
Sudan generally flat, featureless plain; mountains in far south, northeast and west; desert dominates the north
Suriname mostly rolling hills; narrow coastal plain with swamps
Svalbard wild, rugged mountains; much of high land ice covered; west coast clear of ice about one-half of the year; fjords along west and north coasts
Swaziland mostly mountains and hills; some moderately sloping plains
Sweden mostly flat or gently rolling lowlands; mountains in west
Switzerland mostly mountains (Alps in south, Jura in northwest) with a central plateau of rolling hills, plains, and large lakes
Syria primarily semiarid and desert plateau; narrow coastal plain; mountains in west
Taiwan eastern two-thirds mostly rugged mountains; flat to gently rolling plains in west
Tajikistan Pamir and Alay Mountains dominate landscape; western Fergana Valley in north, Kofarnihon and Vakhsh Valleys in southwest
Tanzania plains along coast; central plateau; highlands in north, south
Thailand central plain; Khorat Plateau in the east; mountains elsewhere
Togo gently rolling savanna in north; central hills; southern plateau; low coastal plain with extensive lagoons and marshes
Tokelau low-lying coral atolls enclosing large lagoons
Tonga most islands have limestone base formed from uplifted coral formation; others have limestone overlying volcanic base
Trinidad and Tobago mostly plains with some hills and low mountains
Tromelin Island low, flat, and sandy; likely volcanic
Tunisia mountains in north; hot, dry central plain; semiarid south merges into the Sahara
Turkey high central plateau (Anatolia); narrow coastal plain; several mountain ranges
Turkmenistan flat-to-rolling sandy desert with dunes rising to mountains in the south; low mountains along border with Iran; borders Caspian Sea in west
Turks and Caicos Islands low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps
Tuvalu very low-lying and narrow coral atolls
Uganda mostly plateau with rim of mountains
Ukraine most of Ukraine consists of fertile plains (steppes) and plateaus, mountains being found only in the west (the Carpathians), and in the Crimean Peninsula in the extreme south
United Arab Emirates flat, barren coastal plain merging into rolling sand dunes of vast desert wasteland; mountains in east
United Kingdom mostly rugged hills and low mountains; level to rolling plains in east and southeast
United States vast central plain, mountains in west, hills and low mountains in east; rugged mountains and broad river valleys in Alaska; rugged, volcanic topography in Hawaii
Uruguay mostly rolling plains and low hills; fertile coastal lowland
Uzbekistan mostly flat-to-rolling sandy desert with dunes; broad, flat intensely irrigated river valleys along course of Amu Darya, Syr Darya (Sirdaryo), and Zarafshon; Fergana Valley in east surrounded by mountainous Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan; shrinking Aral Sea in west
Vanuatu mostly mountains of volcanic origin; narrow coastal plains
Venezuela Andes Mountains and Maracaibo Lowlands in northwest; central plains (llanos); Guiana Highlands in southeast
Vietnam low, flat delta in south and north; central highlands; hilly, mountainous in far north and northwest
Virgin Islands mostly hilly to rugged and mountainous with little level land
Wake Island atoll of three coral islands built up on an underwater volcano; central lagoon is former crater, islands are part of the rim
Wallis and Futuna volcanic origin; low hills
West Bank mostly rugged dissected upland, some vegetation in west, but barren in east
Western Sahara mostly low, flat desert with large areas of rocky or sandy surfaces rising to small mountains in south and northeast
World the greatest ocean depth is the Mariana Trench at 10,924 m in the Pacific Ocean
Yemen narrow coastal plain backed by flat-topped hills and rugged mountains; dissected upland desert plains in center slope into the desert interior of the Arabian Peninsula
Zambia mostly high plateau with some hills and mountains
Zimbabwe mostly high plateau with higher central plateau (high veld); mountains in east
This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003
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@2127 Total fertility rate (children born/woman)
Afghanistan 5.64 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Albania 2.22 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Algeria 2.55 children born/woman (2003 est.)
American Samoa 3.3 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Andorra 1.27 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Angola 6.38 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Anguilla 1.76 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Antigua and Barbuda 2.28 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Argentina 2.28 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Armenia 1.56 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Aruba 1.79 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Australia 1.76 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Austria 1.41 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Azerbaijan 2.34 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Bahamas, The 2.25 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Bahrain 2.71 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Bangladesh 3.17 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Barbados 1.65 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Belarus 1.34 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Belgium 1.62 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Belize 3.86 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Benin 6.04 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Bermuda 1.9 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Bhutan 4.94 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Bolivia 3.23 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.71 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Botswana 3.27 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Brazil 2.01 children born/woman (2003 est.)
British Virgin Islands 1.72 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Brunei 2.37 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Bulgaria 1.13 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Burkina Faso 6.34 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Burma 2.15 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Burundi 5.99 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Cambodia 3.58 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Cameroon 4.63 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Canada 1.61 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Cape Verde 3.77 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Cayman Islands 1.91 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Central African Republic 4.68 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Chad 6.44 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Chile 2.09 children born/woman (2003 est.)
China 1.7 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Christmas Island NA children born/woman (2003 est.)
Cocos (Keeling) Islands NA children born/woman (2003 est.)
Colombia 2.61 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Comoros 5.21 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Congo, Democratic Republic of the 6.69 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Congo, Republic of the 3.65 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Cook Islands NA children born/woman (2003 est.)
Costa Rica 2.38 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Cote d'Ivoire 5.51 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Croatia 1.93 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Cuba 1.61 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Cyprus 1.88 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Czech Republic 1.18 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Denmark 1.73 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Djibouti 5.56 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Dominica 1.99 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Dominican Republic 2.92 children born/woman (2003 est.)
East Timor 3.79 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Ecuador 2.99 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Egypt 3.02 children born/woman (2003 est.)
El Salvador 3.25 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Equatorial Guinea 4.75 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Eritrea 5.74 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Estonia 1.27 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Ethiopia 5.55 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) NA children born/woman
Faroe Islands 2.24 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Fiji 2.81 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Finland 1.7 children born/woman (2003 est.)
France 1.85 children born/woman (2003 est.)
French Guiana 3.09 children born/woman (2003 est.)
French Polynesia 2.14 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Gabon 4.83 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Gambia, The 5.53 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Gaza Strip 6.17 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Georgia 1.51 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Germany 1.37 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Ghana 3.32 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Gibraltar 1.65 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Greece 1.35 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Greenland 2.43 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Grenada 2.45 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Guadeloupe 1.92 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Guam 3.62 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Guatemala 4.67 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Guernsey 1.37 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Guinea 5.9 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Guinea-Bissau 5.07 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Guyana 2.07 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Haiti 4.86 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Honduras 4.07 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Hong Kong 1.32 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Hungary 1.25 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Iceland 1.98 children born/woman (2003 est.)
India 2.91 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Indonesia 2.5 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Iran 1.99 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Iraq 4.52 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Ireland 1.89 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Israel 2.5 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Italy 1.26 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Jamaica 2.01 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Japan 1.38 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Jersey 1.57 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Jordan 3 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Kazakhstan 2.16 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Kenya 3.47 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Kiribati 4.28 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Korea, North 2.25 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Korea, South 1.56 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Kuwait 3.08 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Kyrgyzstan 3.12 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Laos 4.94 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Latvia 1.2 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Lebanon 1.98 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Lesotho 3.52 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Liberia 6.23 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Libya 3.49 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Liechtenstein 1.5 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Lithuania 1.43 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Luxembourg 1.7 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Macau 1.32 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of 1.75 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Madagascar 5.73 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Malawi 6.1 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Malaysia 3.13 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Maldives 5.26 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Mali 6.66 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Malta 1.91 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Man, Isle of 1.65 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Marshall Islands 4.12 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Martinique 1.79 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Mauritania 6.08 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Mauritius 1.98 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Mayotte 6.07 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Mexico 2.53 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Micronesia, Federated States of 3.5 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Moldova 1.74 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Monaco 1.76 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Mongolia 2.28 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Montserrat 1.8 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Morocco 2.89 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Mozambique 4.87 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Namibia 4.71 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Nauru 3.4 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Nepal 4.39 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Netherlands 1.65 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Netherlands Antilles 2.04 children born/woman (2003 est.)
New Caledonia 2.39 children born/woman (2003 est.)
New Zealand 1.79 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Nicaragua 3 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Niger 6.91 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Nigeria 5.4 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Niue NA children born/woman (2003 est.)
Norfolk Island NA children born/woman (2003 est.)
Northern Mariana Islands 1.75 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Norway 1.8 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Oman 5.94 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Pakistan 4.1 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Palau 2.47 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Panama 2.53 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Papua New Guinea 4.13 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Paraguay 4.02 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Peru 2.81 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Philippines 3.29 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Pitcairn Islands NA children born/woman (2003 est.)
Poland 1.37 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Portugal 1.49 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Puerto Rico 2.02 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Qatar 3.02 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Reunion 2.53 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Romania 1.36 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Russia 1.33 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Rwanda 5.6 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Saint Helena 1.54 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Saint Kitts and Nevis 2.37 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Saint Lucia 2.29 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Saint Pierre and Miquelon 2.07 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1.95 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Samoa 3.21 children born/woman (2003 est.)
San Marino 1.31 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Sao Tome and Principe 5.88 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Saudi Arabia 6.15 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Senegal 4.93 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Serbia and Montenegro 1.77 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Seychelles 1.79 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Sierra Leone 5.86 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Singapore 1.24 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Slovakia 1.25 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Slovenia 1.27 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Solomon Islands 4.34 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Somalia 6.98 children born/woman (2003 est.)
South Africa 2.24 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Spain 1.26 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Sri Lanka 1.9 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Sudan 5.1 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Suriname 2.4 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Svalbard NA children born/woman (2003 est.)
Swaziland 3.92 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Sweden 1.54 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Switzerland 1.48 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Syria 3.72 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Taiwan 1.57 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Tajikistan 4.17 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Tanzania 5.24 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Thailand 1.91 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Togo 4.97 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Tokelau NA children born/woman (2003 est.)
Tonga 3 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Trinidad and Tobago 1.78 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Tunisia 1.9 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Turkey 2.03 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Turkmenistan 3.5 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Turks and Caicos Islands 3.15 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Tuvalu 3.05 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Uganda 6.72 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Ukraine 1.34 children born/woman (2003 est.)
United Arab Emirates 3.09 children born/woman (2003 est.)
United Kingdom 1.66 children born/woman (2003 est.)
United States 2.07 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Uruguay 2.35 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Uzbekistan 3 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Vanuatu 2.98 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Venezuela 2.36 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Vietnam 2.24 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Virgin Islands 2.22 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Wallis and Futuna NA children born/woman (2003 est.)
West Bank 4.65 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Western Sahara NA children born/woman (2003 est.)
World 2.65 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Yemen 6.82 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Zambia 5.25 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Zimbabwe 3.66 children born/woman (2003 est.)
This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003
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@2128 Government type
Afghanistan transitional
Albania emerging democracy
Algeria republic
American Samoa NA
Andorra parliamentary democracy (since March 1993) that retains as its heads of state a coprincipality; the two princes are the president of France and bishop of Seo de Urgel, Spain, who are represented locally by coprinces' representatives
Angola republic, nominally a multiparty democracy with a strong presidential system
Anguilla NA
Antarctica Antarctic Treaty Summary - the Antarctic Treaty, signed on 1 December 1959 and entered into force on 23 June 1961, establishes the legal framework for the management of Antarctica. The 24th Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting was held in Russia in July 2001. At the end of 2001, there were 45 treaty member nations: 27 consultative and 18 non-consultative. Consultative (voting) members include the seven nations that claim portions of Antarctica as national territory (some claims overlap) and 20 nonclaimant nations. The US and Russia have reserved the right to make claims. The US does not recognize the claims of others. Antarctica is administered through meetings of the consultative member nations. Decisions from these meetings are carried out by these member nations (within their areas) in accordance with their own national laws. The year in parentheses indicates when an acceding nation was voted to full consultative (voting) status, while no date indicates the country was an original 1959 treaty signatory. Claimant nations are - Argentina, Australia, Chile, France, New Zealand, Norway, and the UK. Nonclaimant consultative nations are - Belgium, Brazil (1983), Bulgaria (1998) China (1985), Ecuador (1990), Finland (1989), Germany (1981), India (1983), Italy (1987), Japan, South Korea (1989), Netherlands (1990), Peru (1989), Poland (1977), Russia, South Africa, Spain (1988), Sweden (1988), Uruguay (1985), and the US. Non-consultative (nonvoting) members, with year of accession in parentheses, are - Austria (1987), Canada (1988), Colombia (1989), Cuba (1984), Czech Republic (1993), Denmark (1965), Estonia (2001), Greece (1987), Guatemala (1991), Hungary (1984), North Korea (1987), Papua New Guinea (1981), Romania (1971), Slovakia (1993), Switzerland (1990), Turkey (1995), Ukraine (1992), and Venezuela (1999). Article 1 - area to be used for peaceful purposes only; military activity, such as weapons testing, is prohibited, but military personnel and equipment may be used for scientific research or any other peaceful purpose; Article 2 - freedom of scientific investigation and cooperation shall continue; Article 3 - free exchange of information and personnel, cooperation with the UN and other international agencies; Article 4 - does not recognize, dispute, or establish territorial claims and no new claims shall be asserted while the treaty is in force; Article 5 - prohibits nuclear explosions or disposal of radioactive wastes; Article 6 - includes under the treaty all land and ice shelves south of 60 degrees 00 minutes south and reserves high seas rights; Article 7 - treaty-state observers have free access, including aerial observation, to any area and may inspect all stations, installations, and equipment; advance notice of all expeditions and of the introduction of military personnel must be given; Article 8 - allows for jurisdiction over observers and scientists by their own states; Article 9 - frequent consultative meetings take place among member nations; Article 10 - treaty states will discourage activities by any country in Antarctica that are contrary to the treaty; Article 11 - disputes to be settled peacefully by the parties concerned or, ultimately, by the ICJ; Articles 12, 13, 14 - deal with upholding, interpreting, and amending the treaty among involved nations. Other agreements - some 200 recommendations adopted at treaty consultative meetings and ratified by governments include - Agreed Measures for Fauna and Flora (1964) which were later incorporated into the Environmental Protocol; Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Seals (1972); Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (1980); a mineral resources agreement was signed in 1988 but remains unratified; the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty was signed 4 October 1991 and entered into force 14 January 1998; this agreement provides for the protection of the Antarctic environment through five specific annexes: 1) marine pollution, 2) fauna and flora, 3) environmental impact assessments, 4) waste management, and 5) protected area management; it prohibits all activities relating to mineral resources except scientific research.
Antigua and Barbuda constitutional monarchy with UK-style parliament
Argentina republic
Armenia republic
Aruba parliamentary democracy
Australia democratic, federal-state system recognizing the British monarch as sovereign
Austria federal republic
Azerbaijan republic
Bahamas, The constitutional parliamentary democracy
Bahrain constitutional hereditary monarchy
Bangladesh parliamentary democracy
Barbados parliamentary democracy; independent sovereign state within the Commonwealth
Belarus republic
Belgium federal parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarch
Belize parliamentary democracy
Benin republic under multiparty democratic rule; dropped Marxism-Leninism December 1989; democratic reforms adopted February 1990; transition to multiparty system completed 4 April 1991
Bermuda parliamentary British overseas territory with internal self-government
Bhutan monarchy; special treaty relationship with India
Bolivia republic
Bosnia and Herzegovina emerging federal democratic republic
Botswana parliamentary republic
Brazil federative republic
British Virgin Islands NA
Brunei constitutional sultanate
Bulgaria parliamentary democracy
Burkina Faso parliamentary republic
Burma military regime
Burundi republic
Cambodia multiparty democracy under a constitutional monarchy established in September 1993
Cameroon unitary republic; multiparty presidential regime (opposition parties legalized in 1990) note: preponderance of power remains with the president
Canada confederation with parliamentary democracy
Cape Verde republic
Cayman Islands British crown colony
Central African Republic republic
Chad republic
Chile republic
China Communist state
Christmas Island NA
Cocos (Keeling) Islands NA
Colombia republic; executive branch dominates government structure
Comoros independent republic
Congo, Democratic Republic of the dictatorship; presumably undergoing a transition to representative government
Congo, Republic of the republic
Cook Islands self-governing parliamentary democracy
Costa Rica democratic republic
Cote d'Ivoire republic; multiparty presidential regime established 1960
Croatia presidential/parliamentary democracy
Cuba Communist state
Cyprus republic note: a disaggregation of the two ethnic communities inhabiting the island began following the outbreak of communal strife in 1963; this separation was further solidified after the Turkish intervention in July 1974 after a Greek junta-based coup attempt gave the Turkish Cypriots de facto control in the north; Greek Cypriots control the only internationally recognized government; on 15 November 1983 Turkish Cypriot "President" Rauf DENKTASH declared independence and the formation of a "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" (TRNC), recognized only by Turkey; both sides publicly support a settlement based on a federation (Greek Cypriot position) or confederation (Turkish Cypriot position)
Czech Republic parliamentary democracy
Denmark constitutional monarchy
Djibouti republic
Dominica parliamentary democracy; republic within the Commonwealth
Dominican Republic representative democracy
East Timor republic
Ecuador republic
Egypt republic
El Salvador republic
Equatorial Guinea republic
Eritrea transitional government note: following a successful referendum on independence for the Autonomous Region of Eritrea on 23-25 April 1993, a National Assembly, composed entirely of the People's Front for Democracy and Justice or PFDJ, was established as a transitional legislature; a Constitutional Commission was also established to draft a constitution; ISAIAS Afworki was elected president by the transitional legislature; the constitution, ratified in May 1997, did not enter into effect, pending parliamentary and presidential elections; parliamentary elections had been scheduled to take place in December 2001, but were postponed indefinitely; currently the sole legal party is the People's Front for Democracy and Justice (PFDJ)
Estonia parliamentary republic
Ethiopia federal republic
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) NA
Faroe Islands NA
Fiji republic note: military coup leader Maj. Gen. Sitiveni RABUKA formally declared Fiji a republic on 6 October 1987
Finland republic
France republic
French Guiana NA
French Polynesia NA
Gabon republic; multiparty presidential regime (opposition parties legalized in 1990)
Gambia, The republic under multiparty democratic rule
Georgia republic
Germany federal republic
Ghana constitutional democracy
Gibraltar NA
Greece parliamentary republic; monarchy rejected by referendum 8 December 1974
Greenland parliamentary democracy within a constitutional monarchy
Grenada constitutional monarchy with Westminster-style parliament
Guadeloupe NA
Guam NA
Guatemala constitutional democratic republic
Guernsey NA
Guinea republic
Guinea-Bissau republic, multiparty since mid-1991
Guyana republic within the Commonwealth
Haiti elected government
Holy See (Vatican City) ecclesiastical
Honduras democratic constitutional republic
Hong Kong limited democracy
Hungary parliamentary democracy
Iceland constitutional republic
India federal republic
Indonesia republic
Iran theocratic republic
Iraq in transition following April 2003 defeat of SADDAM Husayn regime by US-led coalition
Ireland republic
Israel parliamentary democracy
Italy republic
Jamaica constitutional parliamentary democracy
Japan constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary government
Jersey NA
Jordan constitutional monarchy
Kazakhstan republic
Kenya republic
Kiribati republic
Korea, North authoritarian socialist; one-man dictatorship
Korea, South republic
Kuwait nominal constitutional monarchy
Kyrgyzstan republic
Laos Communist state
Latvia parliamentary democracy
Lebanon republic
Lesotho parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Liberia republic
Libya Jamahiriya (a state of the masses) in theory, governed by the populace through local councils; in fact, a military dictatorship
Liechtenstein hereditary constitutional monarchy on a democratic and parliamentary basis
Lithuania parliamentary democracy
Luxembourg constitutional monarchy
Macau limited democracy
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of parliamentary democracy
Madagascar republic
Malawi multiparty democracy
Malaysia constitutional monarchy note: Malaya (what is now Peninsular Malaysia) formed 31 August 1957; Federation of Malaysia (Malaya, Sabah, Sarawak, and Singapore) formed 9 July 1963 (Singapore left the federation on 9 August 1965); nominally headed by the paramount ruler and a bicameral Parliament consisting of a nonelected upper house and an elected lower house; Peninsular Malaysian states - hereditary rulers in all but Melaka, George Town (Penang), Sabah, and Sarawak, where governors are appointed by the Malaysian Government; powers of state governments are limited by the federal constitution; under terms of the federation, Sabah and Sarawak retain certain constitutional prerogatives (e.g., the right to maintain their own immigration controls); Sabah - holds 20 seats in House of Representatives, with foreign affairs, defense, internal security, and other powers delegated to federal government; Sarawak - holds 28 seats in House of Representatives, with foreign affairs, defense, internal security, and other powers delegated to federal government
Maldives republic
Mali republic
Malta republic
Man, Isle of parliamentary democracy
Marshall Islands constitutional government in free association with the US; the Compact of Free Association entered into force 21 October 1986
Martinique NA
Mauritania republic
Mauritius parliamentary democracy
Mayotte NA
Mexico federal republic
Micronesia, Federated States of constitutional government in free association with the US; the Compact of Free Association entered into force 3 November 1986; economic provisions of the Compact are being renegotiated
Moldova republic
Monaco constitutional monarchy
Mongolia parliamentary
Montserrat NA
Morocco constitutional monarchy
Mozambique republic
Namibia republic
Nauru republic
Nepal parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy
Netherlands constitutional monarchy
Netherlands Antilles parliamentary
New Caledonia NA
New Zealand parliamentary democracy
Nicaragua republic
Niger republic
Nigeria republic transitioning from military to civilian rule
Niue self-governing parliamentary democracy
Norfolk Island NA
Northern Mariana Islands commonwealth; self-governing with locally elected governor, lieutenant governor, and legislature
Norway constitutional monarchy
Oman monarchy
Pakistan federal republic
Palau constitutional government in free association with the US; the Compact of Free Association entered into force 1 October 1994
Panama constitutional democracy
Papua New Guinea constitutional monarchy with parliamentary democracy
Paraguay constitutional republic
Peru constitutional republic
Philippines republic
Pitcairn Islands NA
Poland republic
Portugal parliamentary democracy
Puerto Rico commonwealth
Qatar traditional monarchy
Reunion NA
Romania republic
Russia federation
Rwanda republic; presidential, multiparty system
Saint Helena NA
Saint Kitts and Nevis constitutional monarchy with Westminster-style parliament
Saint Lucia Westminster-style parliamentary democracy
Saint Pierre and Miquelon NA
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines parliamentary democracy; independent sovereign state within the Commonwealth
Samoa constitutional monarchy under native chief
San Marino independent republic
Sao Tome and Principe republic
Saudi Arabia monarchy
Senegal republic under multiparty democratic rule
Serbia and Montenegro republic
Seychelles republic
Sierra Leone constitutional democracy
Singapore parliamentary republic
Slovakia parliamentary democracy
Slovenia parliamentary democratic republic
Solomon Islands parliamentary democracy tending toward anarchy
Somalia no permanent national government; transitional, parliamentary national government
South Africa republic
Spain parliamentary monarchy
Sri Lanka republic
Sudan authoritarian regime - ruling military junta took power in 1989; government is run by an alliance of the military and the National Congress Party (NCP), formerly the National Islamic Front (NIF), which espouses an Islamist platform
Suriname constitutional democracy
Svalbard NA
Swaziland monarchy; independent member of Commonwealth
Sweden constitutional monarchy
Switzerland federal republic
Syria republic under military regime since March 1963
Taiwan multiparty democratic regime headed by popularly-elected president and unicameral legislature
Tajikistan republic
Tanzania republic
Thailand constitutional monarchy
Togo republic under transition to multiparty democratic rule
Tokelau NA
Tonga hereditary constitutional monarchy
Trinidad and Tobago parliamentary democracy
Tunisia republic
Turkey republican parliamentary democracy
Turkmenistan republic
Turks and Caicos Islands NA
Tuvalu constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary democracy; began debating republic status in 1992
Uganda republic
Ukraine republic
United Arab Emirates federation with specified powers delegated to the UAE federal government and other powers reserved to member emirates
United Kingdom constitutional monarchy
United States Constitution-based federal republic; strong democratic tradition
Uruguay constitutional republic
Uzbekistan republic; authoritarian presidential rule, with little power outside the executive branch
Vanuatu parliamentary republic
Venezuela federal republic
Vietnam Communist state
Virgin Islands NA
Wallis and Futuna NA
Western Sahara legal status of territory and issue of sovereignty unresolved; territory contested by Morocco and Polisario Front (Popular Front for the Liberation of the Saguia el Hamra and Rio de Oro), which in February 1976 formally proclaimed a government-in-exile of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR),led by President Mohamed ABDELAZIZ; territory partitioned between Morocco and Mauritania in April 1976, with Morocco acquiring northern two-thirds; Mauritania, under pressure from Polisario guerrillas, abandoned all claims to its portion in August 1979; Morocco moved to occupy that sector shortly thereafter and has since asserted administrative control; the Polisario's government-in-exile was seated as an OAU member in 1984; guerrilla activities continued sporadically, until a UN-monitored cease-fire was implemented 6 September 1991
Yemen republic
Zambia republic
Zimbabwe parliamentary democracy
This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003
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@2129 Unemployment rate (%)
Afghanistan NA%
Albania 17% officially; may be as high as 30% (2001 est.)
Algeria 31% (2002 est.)
American Samoa 6% (2000)
Andorra 0%
Angola extensive unemployment and underemployment affecting more than half the population (2001 est.)
Anguilla 6.7% (2001)
Antigua and Barbuda 11% (2001 est.)
Argentina 21.5% (37377)
Armenia 20% (2001 est.)
Aruba 0.6%
Australia 6.3% (2002)
Austria 4.8% (2002 est.)
Azerbaijan 16% (official rate is 1.2%) (2003 est.)
Bahamas, The 6.9% (2001 est.)
Bahrain 15% (1998 est.)
Bangladesh 40% (includes underemployment) (2002 est.)
Barbados 10% (2001 est.)
Belarus 2.1% officially registered unemployed (December 2000); large number of underemployed workers
Belgium 7.2% (2002 est.)
Belize 9.1% (2002)
Benin NA%
Bermuda 4.5% (1993)
Bhutan NA%
Bolivia 7.6% note: widespread underemployment (2000)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 40% (2002 est.)
Botswana 40% (official rate is 21%) (2001 est.)
Brazil 6.4% (2001 est.)
British Virgin Islands 3% (1995)
Brunei 10% (2001 est.)
Bulgaria 18% (2002 est.)
Burkina Faso NA%
Burma 5.1% (2001 est.)
Burundi NA%
Cambodia 2.8% (1999 est.)
Cameroon 30% (2001 est.)
Canada 7.6% (2002 est.)
Cape Verde 21% (2000 est.)
Cayman Islands 4.1% (1997)
Central African Republic 8% (23% for Bangui) (2001 est.)
Chad NA%
Chile 9.2% (2002)
China urban unemployment roughly 10%; substantial unemployment and underemployment in rural areas (2002 est.)
Christmas Island NA%
Cocos (Keeling) Islands 60% (2000 est.)
Colombia 17.4% (2002 est.)
Comoros 20% (1996 est.)
Congo, Democratic Republic of the NA%
Congo, Republic of the NA%
Cook Islands 13% (1996)
Costa Rica 6.3% (2002 est.)
Cote d'Ivoire 13% in urban areas (1998)
Croatia 21.7% (2002 est.)
Cuba 4.1% (2001 est.)
Cyprus Greek Cypriot area: 3.3%; Turkish Cypriot area: 5.6% (2002 est.)
Czech Republic 9.8% (2002)
Denmark 5.1% (2002)
Djibouti 50% (2000 est.)
Dominica 23% (2000 est.)
Dominican Republic 14.5% (2002 est.)
East Timor 50% (including underemployment)
Ecuador 7.7%; note - widespread underemployment (2001 est.)
Egypt 12% (2001 est.)
El Salvador 10% - but the economy has much underemployment. (2001 est.)
Equatorial Guinea 30% (1998 est.)
Eritrea NA%
Estonia 12.4% (2001)
Ethiopia NA%
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) full employment; labor shortage
Faroe Islands 1% (October 2000)
Fiji 7.6% (1999)
Finland 8.5% (2002 est.)
France 9.1% (2002 est.)
French Guiana 22% (2001)
French Polynesia 11.8% (1994)
Gabon 21% (1997 est.)
Gambia, The NA%
Gaza Strip 50% (includes West Bank) (2002 est.)
Georgia 17% (2001 est.)
Germany 9.8% (2002 est.)
Ghana 20% (1997 est.)
Gibraltar 2% (2001 est.)
Greece 10.3% (2002 est.)
Greenland 10% (2000 est.)
Grenada 12.5% (2000)
Guadeloupe 27.8% (1998)
Guam 15% (2000 est.)
Guatemala 7.5% (1999 est.)
Guernsey 0.5% (1999 est.)
Guinea NA%
Guinea-Bissau NA%
Guyana 9.1% (understated) (2000)
Haiti widespread unemployment and underemployment; more than two-thirds of the labor force do not have formal jobs (2002 est.)
Honduras 28% (2002 est.)
Hong Kong 7.5% (2002 est.)
Hungary 5.8% (2002 est.)
Iceland 2.8% (2002 est.)
India 8.8% (2002)
Indonesia 10.6% (2002 est.)
Iran 16.3% (2003 est.)
Iraq NA%
Ireland 4.3% (2002 est.)
Israel 10.4% (2002 est.)
Italy 9.1% (2002 est.)
Jamaica 15.4% (2002 est.)
Japan 5.4% (2002)
Jersey 0.7% (1998 est.)
Jordan 16% official rate; actual rate is 25%-30% (2001 est.)
Kazakhstan 8.8% (2002 est.)
Kenya 40% (2001 est.)
Kiribati 2%; underemployment 70% (1992 est.)
Korea, North NA%
Korea, South 3.1% (2002 est.)
Kuwait 7% (2002 est.)
Kyrgyzstan 7.2% (1999 est.)
Laos 5.7% (1997 est.)
Latvia 7.6% (2001 est.)
Lebanon 18% (1997 est.)
Lesotho 45% (2002)
Liberia NA
Libya 30% (2001)
Liechtenstein 1.3% (37500)
Lithuania 12.5% (2001 est.)
Luxembourg 4.1% (2002 est.)
Macau 6.3% (2002)
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of 37% (2002 est.)
Madagascar 5.9% (1998)
Malawi NA%
Malaysia 3.8% (2002 est.)
Maldives NEGL%
Mali 14.6% urban areas; 5.3% rural areas (2001 est.)
Malta 7% (2002 est.)
Man, Isle of 0.7% (March 2003)
Marshall Islands 30.9% (1999 est.)
Martinique 27.2% (1998)
Mauritania 21% (1999 est.)
Mauritius 8.8% (2002 est.)
Mayotte 38% (1999)
Mexico urban - 3% plus considerable underemployment (2002)
Micronesia, Federated States of 16% (1999 est.)
Moldova 8% (roughly 25% of working age Moldovans are employed abroad) (2002 est.)
Monaco 3.1% (1998)
Mongolia 20% (2000)
Montserrat 6% (1998 est.)
Morocco 19% (2002 est.)
Mozambique 21% (1997 est.)
Namibia 35% (1998)
Nauru 0%
Nepal 47% (2001 est.)
Netherlands 3% (2002 est.)
Netherlands Antilles 15% (1998 est.)
New Caledonia 19% (1996)
New Zealand 5.3% (2002 est.)
Nicaragua 24% plus considerable underemployment (2002 est.)
Niger NA%
Nigeria 28% (1992 est.)
Niue NA%
Norfolk Island NA%
Northern Mariana Islands NA%
Norway 3.9% (2002 est.)
Oman NA%
Pakistan 7.8% plus substantial underemployment (2002 est.)
Palau 2.3% (2000 est.)
Panama 16% (2002 est.)
Papua New Guinea NA%
Paraguay 18.2% (2002 est.)
Peru 9.4%; widespread underemployment (2002 est.)
Philippines 10.2% (2002)
Pitcairn Islands NA%
Poland 18.1% (2002)
Portugal 4.7% (2002 est.)
Puerto Rico 12% (2002)
Qatar 2.7% (2001)
Reunion 36% (1999 est.)
Romania 8.3% (2002)
Russia 7.9% plus considerable underemployment (2002)
Rwanda NA%
Saint Helena 14% (1998 est.)
Saint Kitts and Nevis 4.5% (1997)
Saint Lucia 16.5% (1997 est.)
Saint Pierre and Miquelon 9.8% (1997)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 22% (1997 est.)
Samoa NA%; note - substantial underemployment
San Marino 2.6% (2001)
Sao Tome and Principe NA%
Saudi Arabia 25% (2002)
Senegal 48% (urban youth 40%) (2001 est.)
Serbia and Montenegro 32% (2002 est.)
Seychelles NA%
Sierra Leone NA%
Singapore 4.6% (2002 est.)
Slovakia 17.2% (2002 est.)
Slovenia 11% (2002 est.)
Solomon Islands NA%
Somalia NA%
South Africa 37% (includes workers no longer looking for employment) (2001 est.)
Spain 11.3% (2002 est.)
Sri Lanka 8% (2002)
Sudan 18.7% (2002 est.)
Suriname 17% (2000)
Swaziland 34% (2000 est.)
Sweden 4% (2002 est.)
Switzerland 1.9% (2002 est.)
Syria 20% (2002 est.)
Taiwan 5.2% (2002 est.)
Tajikistan 40% (2002 est.)
Tanzania NA%
Thailand 2.9% (2002 est.)
Togo NA%
Tokelau NA%
Tonga 13.3% (1996 est.)
Trinidad and Tobago 10.8% (2002)
Tunisia 15.4% (2002 est.)
Turkey 10.8% (plus underemployment of 6.1%) (2002 est.)
Turkmenistan NA%
Turks and Caicos Islands 10% (1997 est.)
Tuvalu NA%
Uganda NA%
Ukraine 3.8% officially registered; large number of unregistered or underemployed workers (2002)
United Arab Emirates NA%
United Kingdom 5.2% (2002 est.)
United States 5.8% (2002)
Uruguay 19.4% (2002)
Uzbekistan 10% plus another 20% underemployed (1999 est.)
Vanuatu NA%
Venezuela 17% (2002 est.)
Vietnam 25% (1995 est.)
Virgin Islands 4.9% (March 1999)
Wallis and Futuna NA%
West Bank 50% (includes Gaza Strip) (2002 est.)
Western Sahara NA%
World 30% combined unemployment and underemployment in many non-industrialized countries; developed countries typically 4%-12% unemployment
Yemen 30% (1995 est.)
Zambia 50% (2000 est.)
Zimbabwe 70% (2002 est.)
This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003
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@2137 Military - note
American Samoa defense is the responsibility of the US
Andorra defense is the responsibility of France and Spain
Anguilla defense is the responsibility of the UK
Antarctica the Antarctic Treaty prohibits any measures of a military nature, such as the establishment of military bases and fortifications, the carrying out of military maneuvers, or the testing of any type of weapon; it permits the use of military personnel or equipment for scientific research or for any other peaceful purposes
Aruba defense is the responsibility of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
Ashmore and Cartier Islands defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force
Baker Island defense is the responsibility of the US; visited annually by the US Coast Guard
Bassas da India defense is the responsibility of France
Bermuda defense is the responsibility of the UK
Bouvet Island defense is the responsibility of Norway
British Indian Ocean Territory defense is the responsibility of the UK; the US lease on Diego Garcia expires in 2016
British Virgin Islands defense is the responsibility of the UK
Cayman Islands defense is the responsibility of the UK
Christmas Island defense is the responsibility of Australia
Clipperton Island defense is the responsibility of France
Cocos (Keeling) Islands defense is the responsibility of Australia; the territory does have a five-person police force
Cook Islands defense is the responsibility of New Zealand, in consultation with the Cook Islands and at its request
Coral Sea Islands defense is the responsibility of Australia; visited regularly by the Royal Australian Navy; Australia has control over the activities of visitors
Cuba Moscow, for decades the key military supporter and supplier of Cuba, cut off almost all military aid by 1993
Europa Island defense is the responsibility of France
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) defense is the responsibility of the UK
Faroe Islands defense is the responsibility of Denmark
French Guiana defense is the responsibility of France
French Polynesia defense is the responsibility of France
French Southern and Antarctic Lands defense is the responsibility of France
Georgia a CIS peacekeeping force of Russian troops is deployed in the Abkhazia region of Georgia together with a UN military observer group; a Russian peacekeeping battalion is deployed in South Ossetia
Gibraltar defense is the responsibility of the UK
Glorioso Islands defense is the responsibility of France
Greenland defense is the responsibility of Denmark
Guadeloupe defense is the responsibility of France
Guam defense is the responsibility of the US
Guernsey defense is the responsibility of the UK
Heard Island and McDonald Islands defense is the responsibility of Australia; Australia conducts fisheries patrols
Holy See (Vatican City) defense is the responsibility of Italy; Swiss Papal Guards are posted at entrances to the Vatican City to provide security and protect the Pope
Hong Kong defense is the responsibility of China
Howland Island defense is the responsibility of the US; visited annually by the US Coast Guard
Iceland defense is provided by the US-manned Icelandic Defense Force (IDF) headquartered at Keflavik
Jan Mayen defense is the responsibility of Norway
Jarvis Island defense is the responsibility of the US; visited annually by the US Coast Guard
Jersey defense is the responsibility of the UK
Johnston Atoll defense is the responsibility of the US
Juan de Nova Island defense is the responsibility of France
Kingman Reef defense is the responsibility of the US
Kiribati Kiribati does not have military forces; defense assistance is provided by Australia and NZ
Lesotho the Lesotho Government in 1999 began an open debate on the future structure, size, and role of the armed forces, especially considering the Lesotho Defense Force's (LDF) history of intervening in political affairs
Liechtenstein defense is the responsibility of Switzerland
Man, Isle of defense is the responsibility of the UK
Marshall Islands defense is the responsibility of the US
Martinique defense is the responsibility of France
Mayotte defense is the responsibility of France; small contingent of French forces stationed on the island
Micronesia, Federated States of Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) is a sovereign, self-governing state in free association with the US; FSM is totally dependent on the US for its defense
Midway Islands defense is the responsibility of the US
Monaco defense is the responsibility of France
Montserrat defense is the responsibility of the UK
Nauru Nauru maintains no defense forces; under an informal agreement, defense is the responsibility of Australia
Navassa Island defense is the responsibility of the US
Netherlands Antilles defense is the responsibility of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
New Caledonia defense is the responsibility of France
Niue defense is the responsibility of New Zealand
Norfolk Island defense is the responsibility of Australia
Northern Mariana Islands defense is the responsibility of the US
Palau defense is the responsibility of the US; under a Compact of Free Association between Palau and the US, the US military is granted access to the islands for 50 years
Palmyra Atoll defense is the responsibility of the US
Panama on 10 February 1990, the government of then President ENDARA abolished Panama's military and reformed the security apparatus by creating the Panamanian Public Forces; in October 1994, Panama's Legislative Assembly approved a constitutional amendment prohibiting the creation of a standing military force, but allowing the temporary establishment of special police units to counter acts of "external aggression"
Paracel Islands occupied by China
Pitcairn Islands defense is the responsibility of the UK
Puerto Rico defense is the responsibility of the US
Reunion defense is the responsibility of France
Saint Helena defense is the responsibility of the UK
Saint Pierre and Miquelon defense is the responsibility of France
Samoa Samoa has no formal defense structure or regular armed forces; informal defense ties exist with NZ, which is required to consider any Samoan request for assistance under the 1962 Treaty of Friendship
South Africa with the end of Apartheid and the establishment of majority rule, former military, black homelands forces, and ex-opposition forces were integrated into the South African National Defense Force (SANDF); as of 2003 the integration process was considered complete
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands defense is the responsibility of the UK
Spratly Islands Spratly Islands consist of more than 100 small islands or reefs, of which about 45 are claimed and occupied by China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam
Svalbard demilitarized by treaty (9 February 1920)
Tokelau defense is the responsibility of New Zealand
Tromelin Island defense is the responsibility of France
Turks and Caicos Islands defense is the responsibility of the UK
United States note: 2002 estimates for military manpower are based on projections that do not take into consideration the results of the 2000 census
Virgin Islands defense is the responsibility of the US
Wake Island defense is the responsibility of the US
Wallis and Futuna defense is the responsibility of France
Yemen establishment of a Coast Guard, scheduled for May 2001, has been delayed
This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003
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@2138 Communications - note
Bouvet Island automatic meteorological station
Coral Sea Islands there are automatic weather stations on many of the isles and reefs relaying data to the mainland
Europa Island 1 meteorological station
Glorioso Islands 1 meteorological station
Juan de Nova Island 1 meteorological station
Saint Helena Gough Island has a meteorological station
Tromelin Island important meteorological station
This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003
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@2140 Government - note
Bosnia and Herzegovina The Dayton Agreement, signed in Paris on 14 December 1995, retained Bosnia and Herzegovina's exterior border and created a joint multi-ethnic and democratic government. This national government - based on proportional representation similar to that which existed in the former socialist regime - is charged with conducting foreign, economic, and fiscal policy. The Dayton Agreement also recognized a second tier of government, comprised of two entities - a joint Bosniak/Croat Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Bosnian Serb Republika Srpska (RS) - each presiding over roughly one-half the territory. The Federation and RS governments are charged with overseeing internal functions. The Bosniak/Croat Federation is further divided into 10 cantons. The Dayton Agreement established the Office of the High Representative (OHR) to oversee the implementation of the civilian aspects of the agreement.
Malawi the executive exerts considerable influence over the legislature
Somalia although an interim government was created in 2000 other governing bodies continue to exist and control various cities and regions of the country, including Somaliland, Puntland, and traditional clan and faction strongholds
This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003
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@2142 Country name
Afghanistan conventional long form: Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan conventional short form: Afghanistan local long form: Dowlat-e Eslami-ye Afghanestan local short form: Afghanestan former: Republic of Afghanistan
Albania conventional long form: Republic of Albania conventional short form: Albania local long form: Republika e Shqiperise local short form: Shqiperia former: People's Socialist Republic of Albania
Algeria conventional long form: People's Democratic Republic of Algeria conventional short form: Algeria local long form: Al Jumhuriyah al Jaza'iriyah ad Dimuqratiyah ash Sha'biyah local short form: Al Jaza'ir
American Samoa conventional long form: Territory of American Samoa conventional short form: American Samoa abbreviation: AS
Andorra conventional long form: Principality of Andorra conventional short form: Andorra local long form: Principat d'Andorra local short form: Andorra
Angola conventional long form: Republic of Angola conventional short form: Angola local long form: Republica de Angola local short form: Angola former: People's Republic of Angola
Anguilla conventional long form: none conventional short form: Anguilla
Antarctica conventional long form: none conventional short form: Antarctica
Antigua and Barbuda conventional long form: none conventional short form: Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina conventional long form: Argentine Republic conventional short form: Argentina local long form: Republica Argentina local short form: Argentina
Armenia conventional long form: Republic of Armenia conventional short form: Armenia local long form: Hayastani Hanrapetut'yun local short form: Hayastan former: Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic; Armenian Republic
Aruba conventional long form: none conventional short form: Aruba
Ashmore and Cartier Islands conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands
Australia conventional long form: Commonwealth of Australia conventional short form: Australia
Austria conventional long form: Republic of Austria conventional short form: Austria local long form: Republik Oesterreich local short form: Oesterreich
Azerbaijan conventional long form: Republic of Azerbaijan conventional short form: Azerbaijan local long form: Azarbaycan Respublikasi local short form: none former: Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic
Bahamas, The conventional long form: Commonwealth of The Bahamas conventional short form: The Bahamas
Bahrain conventional long form: Kingdom of Bahrain conventional short form: Bahrain local long form: Mamlakat al Bahrayn local short form: Al Bahrayn former: Dilmun
Baker Island conventional long form: none conventional short form: Baker Island
Bangladesh conventional long form: People's Republic of Bangladesh conventional short form: Bangladesh former: East Pakistan
Barbados conventional long form: none conventional short form: Barbados
Bassas da India conventional long form: none conventional short form: Bassas da India
Belarus conventional long form: Republic of Belarus conventional short form: Belarus local long form: Respublika Byelarus' local short form: none former: Belorussian (Byelorussian) Soviet Socialist Republic
Belgium conventional long form: Kingdom of Belgium conventional short form: Belgium local long form: Royaume de Belgique/Koninkrijk Belgie local short form: Belgique/Belgie
Belize conventional long form: none conventional short form: Belize former: British Honduras
Benin conventional long form: Republic of Benin conventional short form: Benin local long form: Republique du Benin local short form: Benin former: Dahomey
Bermuda conventional long form: none conventional short form: Bermuda former: Somers Islands
Bhutan conventional long form: Kingdom of Bhutan conventional short form: Bhutan
Bolivia conventional long form: Republic of Bolivia conventional short form: Bolivia local long form: Republica de Bolivia local short form: Bolivia
Bosnia and Herzegovina conventional long form: none conventional short form: Bosnia and Herzegovina local long form: none local short form: Bosna i Hercegovina
Botswana conventional long form: Republic of Botswana conventional short form: Botswana former: Bechuanaland
Bouvet Island conventional long form: none conventional short form: Bouvet Island
Brazil conventional long form: Federative Republic of Brazil conventional short form: Brazil local long form: Republica Federativa do Brasil local short form: Brasil
British Indian Ocean Territory conventional long form: British Indian Ocean Territory conventional short form: none abbreviation: BIOT
British Virgin Islands conventional long form: none conventional short form: British Virgin Islands abbreviation: BVI
Brunei conventional long form: Negara Brunei Darussalam conventional short form: Brunei
Bulgaria conventional long form: Republic of Bulgaria conventional short form: Bulgaria
Burkina Faso conventional long form: none conventional short form: Burkina Faso former: Upper Volta, Republic of Upper Volta
Burma conventional long form: Union of Burma conventional short form: Burma local long form: Pyidaungzu Myanma Naingngandaw (translated by the US Government as Union of Myanma and by the Burmese as Union of Myanmar) local short form: Myanma Naingngandaw former: Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma note: since 1989 the military authorities in Burma have promoted the name Myanmar as a conventional name for their state; this decision was not approved by any sitting legislature in Burma, and the US Government did not adopt the name, which is a derivative of the Burmese short-form name Myanma Naingngandaw
Burundi conventional long form: Republic of Burundi conventional short form: Burundi local long form: Republika y'u Burundi local short form: Burundi former: Urundi
Cambodia conventional long form: Kingdom of Cambodia conventional short form: Cambodia local long form: Preahreacheanachakr Kampuchea local short form: Kampuchea former: Khmer Republic, Kampuchea Republic
Cameroon conventional long form: Republic of Cameroon conventional short form: Cameroon former: French Cameroon
Canada conventional long form: none conventional short form: Canada
Cape Verde conventional long form: Republic of Cape Verde conventional short form: Cape Verde local long form: Republica de Cabo Verde local short form: Cabo Verde
Cayman Islands conventional long form: none conventional short form: Cayman Islands
Central African Republic conventional long form: Central African Republic conventional short form: none local long form: Republique Centrafricaine local short form: none former: Ubangi-Shari, Central African Empire abbreviation: CAR
Chad conventional long form: Republic of Chad conventional short form: Chad local long form: Republique du Tchad local short form: Tchad
Chile conventional long form: Republic of Chile conventional short form: Chile local long form: Republica de Chile local short form: Chile
China conventional long form: People's Republic of China conventional short form: China local long form: Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo local short form: Zhong Guo abbreviation: PRC
Christmas Island conventional long form: Territory of Christmas Island conventional short form: Christmas Island
Clipperton Island conventional long form: none conventional short form: Clipperton Island local long form: none local short form: Ile Clipperton former: sometimes called Ile de la Passion
Cocos (Keeling) Islands conventional long form: Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands conventional short form: Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Colombia conventional long form: Republic of Colombia conventional short form: Colombia local long form: Republica de Colombia local short form: Colombia
Comoros conventional long form: Union of the Comoros conventional short form: Comoros local long form: Union des Comores local short form: Comores
Congo, Democratic Republic of the conventional long form: Democratic Republic of the Congo conventional short form: none local long form: Republique Democratique du Congo local short form: none former: Congo Free State, Belgian Congo, Congo/Leopoldville, Congo/Kinshasa, Zaire abbreviation: DROC
Congo, Republic of the conventional long form: Republic of the Congo conventional short form: Congo (Brazzaville) local long form: Republique du Congo local short form: none former: Middle Congo, Congo/Brazzaville, Congo
Cook Islands conventional long form: none conventional short form: Cook Islands former: Harvey Islands
Coral Sea Islands conventional long form: Coral Sea Islands Territory conventional short form: Coral Sea Islands
Costa Rica conventional long form: Republic of Costa Rica conventional short form: Costa Rica local long form: Republica de Costa Rica local short form: Costa Rica
Cote d'Ivoire conventional long form: Republic of Cote d'Ivoire conventional short form: Cote d'Ivoire local long form: Republique de Cote d'Ivoire local short form: Cote d'Ivoire former: Ivory Coast
Croatia conventional long form: Republic of Croatia conventional short form: Croatia local long form: Republika Hrvatska local short form: Hrvatska
Cuba conventional long form: Republic of Cuba conventional short form: Cuba local long form: Republica de Cuba local short form: Cuba
Cyprus conventional long form: Republic of Cyprus conventional short form: Cyprus note: the Turkish Cypriot area refers to itself as the "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" (TRNC)
Czech Republic conventional long form: Czech Republic conventional short form: Czech Republic local long form: Ceska Republika local short form: Ceska Republika
Denmark conventional long form: Kingdom of Denmark conventional short form: Denmark local long form: Kongeriget Danmark local short form: Danmark
Djibouti conventional long form: Republic of Djibouti conventional short form: Djibouti former: French Territory of the Afars and Issas, French Somaliland
Dominica conventional long form: Commonwealth of Dominica conventional short form: Dominica
Dominican Republic conventional long form: Dominican Republic conventional short form: none local long form: Republica Dominicana local short form: none
East Timor conventional long form: Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste conventional short form: East Timor local long form: Republika Demokratika Timor Lorosa'e [Tetum]; Republica Democratica de Timor-Leste [Portuguese] local short form: Timor Lorosa'e [Tetum]; Timor-Leste [Portuguese] former: Portuguese Timor
Ecuador conventional long form: Republic of Ecuador conventional short form: Ecuador local long form: Republica del Ecuador local short form: Ecuador
Egypt conventional long form: Arab Republic of Egypt conventional short form: Egypt local long form: Jumhuriyat Misr al-Arabiyah local short form: Misr former: United Arab Republic (with Syria)
El Salvador conventional long form: Republic of El Salvador conventional short form: El Salvador local long form: Republica de El Salvador local short form: El Salvador
Equatorial Guinea conventional long form: Republic of Equatorial Guinea conventional short form: Equatorial Guinea local long form: Republica de Guinea Ecuatorial local short form: Guinea Ecuatorial former: Spanish Guinea
Eritrea conventional long form: State of Eritrea conventional short form: Eritrea local long form: Hagere Ertra local short form: Ertra former: Eritrea Autonomous Region in Ethiopia
Estonia conventional long form: Republic of Estonia conventional short form: Estonia local long form: Eesti Vabariik local short form: Eesti former: Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic
Ethiopia conventional long form: Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia conventional short form: Ethiopia local long form: Ityop'iya Federalawi Demokrasiyawi Ripeblik local short form: Ityop'iya former: Abyssinia, Italian East Africa abbreviation: FDRE
Europa Island conventional long form: none conventional short form: Europa Island local long form: none local short form: Ile Europa
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) conventional long form: none conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Faroe Islands conventional long form: none conventional short form: Faroe Islands local long form: none local short form: Foroyar
Fiji conventional long form: Republic of the Fiji Islands conventional short form: Fiji
Finland conventional long form: Republic of Finland conventional short form: Finland local long form: Suomen Tasavalta local short form: Suomi
France conventional long form: French Republic conventional short form: France local long form: Republique Francaise local short form: France
French Guiana conventional long form: Department of Guiana conventional short form: French Guiana local long form: none local short form: Guyane
French Polynesia conventional long form: Territory of French Polynesia conventional short form: French Polynesia local long form: Territoire de la Polynesie Francaise local short form: Polynesie Francaise former: French Colony of Oceania
French Southern and Antarctic Lands conventional long form: Territory of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands conventional short form: French Southern and Antarctic Lands local long form: Territoire des Terres Australes et Antarctiques Francaises local short form: Terres Australes et Antarctiques Francaises
Gabon conventional long form: Gabonese Republic conventional short form: Gabon local long form: Republique Gabonaise local short form: Gabon
Gambia, The conventional long form: Republic of The Gambia conventional short form: The Gambia
Gaza Strip conventional long form: none conventional short form: Gaza Strip local long form: none local short form: Qita Ghazzah
Georgia conventional long form: none conventional short form: Georgia local long form: none local short form: Sak'art'velo former: Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic
Germany conventional long form: Federal Republic of Germany conventional short form: Germany local long form: Bundesrepublik Deutschland local short form: Deutschland former: German Empire, German Republic, German Reich
Ghana conventional long form: Republic of Ghana conventional short form: Ghana former: Gold Coast
Gibraltar conventional long form: none conventional short form: Gibraltar
Glorioso Islands conventional long form: none conventional short form: Glorioso Islands local long form: none local short form: Iles Glorieuses
Greece conventional long form: Hellenic Republic conventional short form: Greece local long form: Elliniki Dhimokratia local short form: Ellas or Ellada former: Kingdom of Greece
Greenland conventional long form: none conventional short form: Greenland local long form: none local short form: Kalaallit Nunaat
Grenada conventional long form: none conventional short form: Grenada
Guadeloupe conventional long form: Department of Guadeloupe conventional short form: Guadeloupe local long form: Departement de la Guadeloupe local short form: Guadeloupe
Guam conventional long form: Territory of Guam conventional short form: Guam local long form: Guahan
Guatemala conventional long form: Republic of Guatemala conventional short form: Guatemala local long form: Republica de Guatemala local short form: Guatemala
Guernsey conventional long form: Bailiwick of Guernsey conventional short form: Guernsey
Guinea conventional long form: Republic of Guinea conventional short form: Guinea local long form: Republique de Guinee local short form: Guinee former: French Guinea
Guinea-Bissau conventional long form: Republic of Guinea-Bissau conventional short form: Guinea-Bissau local long form: Republica da Guine-Bissau local short form: Guine-Bissau former: Portuguese Guinea
Guyana conventional long form: Co-operative Republic of Guyana conventional short form: Guyana former: British Guiana
Haiti conventional long form: Republic of Haiti conventional short form: Haiti local long form: Republique d'Haiti local short form: Haiti
Heard Island and McDonald Islands conventional long form: Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands conventional short form: Heard Island and McDonald Islands
Holy See (Vatican City) conventional long form: The Holy See (State of the Vatican City) conventional short form: Holy See (Vatican City) local long form: Santa Sede (Stato della Citta del Vaticano) local short form: Santa Sede (Citta del Vaticano)
Honduras conventional long form: Republic of Honduras conventional short form: Honduras local long form: Republica de Honduras local short form: Honduras
Hong Kong conventional long form: Hong Kong Special Administrative Region conventional short form: Hong Kong local long form: Xianggang Tebie Xingzhengqu local short form: Xianggang abbreviation: HK
Howland Island conventional long form: none conventional short form: Howland Island
Hungary conventional long form: Republic of Hungary conventional short form: Hungary local long form: Magyar Koztarsasag local short form: Magyarorszag
Iceland conventional long form: Republic of Iceland conventional short form: Iceland local long form: Lydhveldidh Island local short form: Island
India conventional long form: Republic of India conventional short form: India
Indonesia conventional long form: Republic of Indonesia conventional short form: Indonesia local long form: Republik Indonesia local short form: Indonesia former: Netherlands East Indies; Dutch East Indies
Iran conventional long form: Islamic Republic of Iran conventional short form: Iran local long form: Jomhuri-ye Eslami-ye Iran local short form: Iran former: Persia
Iraq conventional long form: Republic of Iraq conventional short form: Iraq local long form: Al Jumhuriyah al Iraqiyah local short form: Al Iraq
Ireland conventional long form: none conventional short form: Ireland
Israel conventional long form: State of Israel conventional short form: Israel local long form: Medinat Yisra'el local short form: Yisra'el
Italy conventional long form: Italian Republic conventional short form: Italy local long form: Repubblica Italiana local short form: Italia former: Kingdom of Italy
Jamaica conventional long form: none conventional short form: Jamaica
Jan Mayen conventional long form: none conventional short form: Jan Mayen
Japan conventional long form: none conventional short form: Japan
Jarvis Island conventional long form: none conventional short form: Jarvis Island
Jersey conventional long form: Bailiwick of Jersey conventional short form: Jersey
Johnston Atoll conventional long form: none conventional short form: Johnston Atoll
Jordan conventional long form: Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan conventional short form: Jordan local long form: Al Mamlakah al Urduniyah al Hashimiyah local short form: Al Urdun former: Transjordan
Juan de Nova Island conventional long form: none conventional short form: Juan de Nova Island local long form: none local short form: Ile Juan de Nova
Kazakhstan conventional long form: Republic of Kazakhstan conventional short form: Kazakhstan local long form: Qazaqstan Respublikasy local short form: none former: Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic
Kenya conventional long form: Republic of Kenya conventional short form: Kenya former: British East Africa
Kingman Reef conventional long form: none conventional short form: Kingman Reef
Kiribati conventional long form: Republic of Kiribati conventional short form: Kiribati note: pronounced keer-ree-bahss former: Gilbert Islands
Korea, North conventional long form: Democratic People's Republic of Korea conventional short form: North Korea local long form: Choson-minjujuui-inmin-konghwaguk local short form: none note: the North Koreans generally use the term "Choson" to refer to their country abbreviation: DPRK
Korea, South conventional long form: Republic of Korea conventional short form: South Korea local long form: Taehan-min'guk local short form: none note: the South Koreans generally use the term "Han'guk" to refer to their country abbreviation: ROK
Kuwait conventional long form: State of Kuwait conventional short form: Kuwait local long form: Dawlat al Kuwayt local short form: Al Kuwayt
Kyrgyzstan conventional long form: Kyrgyz Republic conventional short form: Kyrgyzstan local long form: Kyrgyz Respublikasy local short form: none former: Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic
Laos conventional long form: Lao People's Democratic Republic conventional short form: Laos local long form: Sathalanalat Paxathipatai Paxaxon Lao local short form: none
Latvia conventional long form: Republic of Latvia conventional short form: Latvia local long form: Latvijas Republika local short form: Latvija former: Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic
Lebanon conventional long form: Lebanese Republic conventional short form: Lebanon local long form: Al Jumhuriyah al Lubnaniyah local short form: Lubnan
Lesotho conventional long form: Kingdom of Lesotho conventional short form: Lesotho former: Basutoland
Liberia conventional long form: Republic of Liberia conventional short form: Liberia
Libya conventional long form: Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya conventional short form: Libya local long form: Al Jumahiriyah al Arabiyah al Libiyah ash Shabiyah al Ishtirakiyah al Uzma local short form: none
Liechtenstein conventional long form: Principality of Liechtenstein conventional short form: Liechtenstein local long form: Fuerstentum Liechtenstein local short form: Liechtenstein
Lithuania conventional long form: Republic of Lithuania conventional short form: Lithuania local long form: Lietuvos Respublika local short form: Lietuva former: Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic
Luxembourg conventional long form: Grand Duchy of Luxembourg conventional short form: Luxembourg local long form: Grand Duche de Luxembourg local short form: Luxembourg
Macau conventional long form: Macau Special Administrative Region conventional short form: Macau local long form: Aomen Tebie Xingzhengqu (Chinese); Regiao Administrativa Especial de Macau (Portuguese) local short form: Aomen (Chinese); Macau (Portuguese)
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of conventional long form: The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia conventional short form: none local long form: Republika Makedonija local short form: Makedonija abbreviation: F.Y.R.O.M.
Madagascar conventional long form: Republic of Madagascar conventional short form: Madagascar local long form: Republique de Madagascar local short form: Madagascar former: Malagasy Republic
Malawi conventional long form: Republic of Malawi conventional short form: Malawi former: British Central African Protectorate, Nyasaland Protectorate, Nyasaland
Malaysia conventional long form: none conventional short form: Malaysia former: Federation of Malaysia
Maldives conventional long form: Republic of Maldives conventional short form: Maldives local long form: Dhivehi Raajjeyge Jumhooriyyaa local short form: Dhivehi Raajje
Mali conventional long form: Republic of Mali conventional short form: Mali local long form: Republique de Mali local short form: Mali former: French Sudan and Sudanese Republic
Malta conventional long form: Republic of Malta conventional short form: Malta local long form: Repubblika ta' Malta local short form: Malta
Man, Isle of conventional long form: none conventional short form: Isle of Man
Marshall Islands conventional long form: Republic of the Marshall Islands conventional short form: Marshall Islands former: Marshall Islands District (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands)
Martinique conventional long form: Department of Martinique conventional short form: Martinique local long form: Departement de la Martinique local short form: Martinique
Mauritania conventional long form: Islamic Republic of Mauritania conventional short form: Mauritania local long form: Al Jumhuriyah al Islamiyah al Muritaniyah local short form: Muritaniyah
Mauritius conventional long form: Republic of Mauritius conventional short form: Mauritius
Mayotte conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Mayotte conventional short form: Mayotte
Mexico conventional long form: United Mexican States conventional short form: Mexico local long form: Estados Unidos Mexicanos local short form: Mexico |
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