Ukraine 48,055,439 (July 2003 est.)

United Arab Emirates 2,484,818 note: includes an estimated 1,606,079 non-nationals; the 17 December 1995 census presents a total population figure of 2,377,453, and there are estimates of 3.44 million for 2002 (July 2003 est.)

United Kingdom 60,094,648 (July 2003 est.)

United States 290,342,554 (July 2003 est.)

Uruguay 3,413,329 (July 2003 est.)

Uzbekistan 25,981,647 (July 2003 est.)

Vanuatu 199,414 (July 2003 est.)

Venezuela 24,654,694 (July 2003 est.)

Vietnam 81,624,716 (July 2003 est.)

Virgin Islands 124,778 (July 2003 est.)

Wake Island no indigenous inhabitants note: US military personnel have left the island, but contractor personnel remain; as of October 2001, 200 contractor personnel were present (July 2003 est.)

Wallis and Futuna 15,734 (July 2003 est.)

West Bank 2,237,194 (July 2002 est.) note: in addition, there are about 187,000 Israeli settlers in the West Bank and fewer than 177,000 in East Jerusalem (February 2002 est.) (July 2003 est.)

Western Sahara 261,794 (July 2003 est.)

World 6,302,309,691 (July 2003 est.)

Yemen 19,349,881 (July 2003 est.)

Zambia 10,307,333 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2003 est.)

Zimbabwe 12,576,742 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2003 est.)

This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003



======================================================================



@2120 Ports and harbors

Afghanistan Kheyrabad, Shir Khan

Albania Durres, Sarande, Shengjin, Vlore

Algeria Algiers, Annaba, Arzew, Bejaia, Beni Saf, Dellys, Djendjene, Ghazaouet, Jijel, Mostaganem, Oran, Skikda, Tenes

American Samoa Aunu'u (new construction), Auasi, Faleosao, Ofu, Pago Pago, Ta'u

Andorra none

Angola Ambriz, Cabinda, Lobito, Luanda, Malongo, Mocamedes, Namibe, Porto Amboim, Soyo

Anguilla Blowing Point, Road Bay

Antarctica there are no developed ports and harbors in Antarctica; most coastal stations have offshore anchorages, and supplies are transferred from ship to shore by small boats, barges, and helicopters; a few stations have a basic wharf facility; US coastal stations include McMurdo (77 51 S, 166 40 E), Palmer (64 43 S, 64 03 W); government use only except by permit (see Permit Office under "Legal System"); all ships at port are subject to inspection in accordance with Article 7, Antarctic Treaty; offshore anchorage is sparse and intermittent

Antigua and Barbuda Saint John's

Arctic Ocean Churchill (Canada), Murmansk (Russia), Prudhoe Bay (US)

Argentina Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires, Comodoro Rivadavia, Concepcion del Uruguay, La Plata, Mar del Plata, Necochea, Rio Gallegos, Rosario, Santa Fe, Ushuaia

Armenia none

Aruba Barcadera, Oranjestad, Sint Nicolaas

Ashmore and Cartier Islands none; offshore anchorage only

Atlantic Ocean Alexandria (Egypt), Algiers (Algeria), Antwerp (Belgium), Barcelona (Spain), Buenos Aires (Argentina), Casablanca (Morocco), Colon (Panama), Copenhagen (Denmark), Dakar (Senegal), Gdansk (Poland), Hamburg (Germany), Helsinki (Finland), Las Palmas (Canary Islands, Spain), Le Havre (France), Lisbon (Portugal), London (UK), Marseille (France), Montevideo (Uruguay), Montreal (Canada), Naples (Italy), New Orleans (US), New York (US), Oran (Algeria), Oslo (Norway), Peiraiefs or Piraeus (Greece), Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), Rotterdam (Netherlands), Saint Petersburg (Russia), Stockholm (Sweden)

Australia Adelaide, Brisbane, Cairns, Darwin, Devonport (Tasmania), Fremantle, Geelong, Hobart (Tasmania), Launceston (Tasmania), Mackay, Melbourne, Sydney, Townsville

Austria Enns, Krems, Linz, Vienna

Azerbaijan Baku (Baki)

Bahamas, The Freeport, Matthew Town, Nassau

Bahrain Manama, Mina' Salman, Sitrah

Baker Island none; offshore anchorage only; note - there is one small boat landing area along the middle of the west coast

Bangladesh Chittagong, Dhaka, Mongla Port, Narayanganj

Barbados Bridgetown, Speightstown (Port Charles Marina)

Bassas da India none; offshore anchorage only

Belarus Mazyr

Belgium Antwerp (one of the world's busiest ports), Brugge, Gent, Hasselt, Liege, Mons, Namur, Oostende, Zeebrugge

Belize Belize City, Big Creek, Corozol, Punta Gorda

Benin Cotonou, Porto-Novo

Bermuda Hamilton, Saint George's, Dockyard

Bhutan none

Bolivia Puerto Aguirre (on the Paraguay/Parana waterway, at the Bolivia/Brazil border); also, Bolivia has free port privileges in maritime ports in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Paraguay

Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosanska Gradiska, Bosanski Brod, Bosanski Samac, and Brcko (all inland waterway ports on the Sava), Orasje

Botswana none

Bouvet Island none; offshore anchorage only

Brazil Belem, Fortaleza, Ilheus, Imbituba, Manaus, Paranagua, Porto Alegre, Recife, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande, Salvador, Santos, Vitoria

British Indian Ocean Territory Diego Garcia

British Virgin Islands Road Town

Brunei Bandar Seri Begawan, Kuala Belait, Muara, Seria, Tutong

Bulgaria Burgas, Lom, Nesebur, Ruse, Varna, Vidin

Burkina Faso none

Burma Bassein, Bhamo, Chauk, Mandalay, Moulmein, Myitkyina, Rangoon, Akyab (Sittwe), Tavoy

Burundi Bujumbura

Cambodia Kampong Saom (Sihanoukville), Kampot, Krong Kaoh Kong, Phnom Penh

Cameroon Bonaberi, Douala, Garoua, Kribi, Tiko

Canada Becancour (Quebec), Churchill, Halifax, Hamilton, Montreal, New Westminster, Prince Rupert, Quebec, Saint John (New Brunswick), St. John's (Newfoundland), Sept Isles, Sydney, Trois-Rivieres, Thunder Bay, Toronto, Vancouver, Windsor

Cape Verde Mindelo, Praia, Tarrafal

Cayman Islands Cayman Brac, George Town

Central African Republic Bangui, Nola, Salo, Nzinga

Chad none

Chile Antofagasta, Arica, Chanaral, Coquimbo, Iquique, Puerto Montt, Punta Arenas, San Antonio, San Vicente, Talcahuano, Valparaiso

China Dalian, Fuzhou, Guangzhou, Haikou, Huangpu, Lianyungang, Nanjing, Nantong, Ningbo, Qingdao, Qinhuangdao, Shanghai, Shantou, Shenzhen, Tianjin, Wenzhou, Xiamen, Xingang, Yantai, Zhanjiang (2001)

Christmas Island Flying Fish Cove

Clipperton Island none; offshore anchorage only

Cocos (Keeling) Islands none; lagoon anchorage only

Colombia Bahia de Portete, Barranquilla, Buenaventura, Cartagena, Leticia, Puerto Bolivar, San Andres, Santa Marta, Tumaco, Turbo

Comoros Fomboni, Moroni, Moutsamoudou

Congo, Democratic Republic of the Banana, Boma, Bukavu, Bumba, Goma, Kalemie, Kindu, Kinshasa, Kisangani, Matadi, Mbandaka

Congo, Republic of the Brazzaville, Impfondo, Ouesso, Oyo, Pointe-Noire

Cook Islands Avarua, Avatiu

Coral Sea Islands none; offshore anchorage only

Costa Rica Caldera, Golfito, Moin, Puerto Limon, Puerto Quepos, Puntarenas

Cote d'Ivoire Abidjan, Aboisso, Dabou, San-Pedro

Croatia Dubrovnik, Dugi Rat, Omisalj, Ploce, Pula, Rijeka, Sibenik, Split, Vukovar (inland waterway port on Danube), Zadar

Cuba Cienfuegos, Havana, Manzanillo, Mariel, Matanzas, Nuevitas, Santiago de Cuba

Cyprus Famagusta, Kyrenia, Larnaca, Limassol, Paphos, Vasilikos

Czech Republic Decin, Prague, Usti nad Labem

Denmark Abenra, Alborg, Arhus, Copenhagen, Esbjerg, Fredericia, Frederikshavn, Hirtshals, Kolding, Odense, Roenne (Bornholm), Vejle

Djibouti Djibouti

Dominica Portsmouth, Roseau

Dominican Republic Barahona, La Romana, Manzanillo, Puerto Plata, San Pedro de Macoris, Santo Domingo

East Timor NA

Ecuador Esmeraldas, Guayaquil, La Libertad, Manta, Puerto Bolivar, San Lorenzo

Egypt Alexandria, Al Ghardaqah, Aswan, Asyut, Bur Safajah, Damietta, Marsa Matruh, Port Said, Suez

El Salvador Acajutla, Puerto Cutuco, La Libertad, La Union, Puerto El Triunfo

Equatorial Guinea Bata, Luba, Malabo

Eritrea Assab (Aseb), Massawa (Mits'iwa)

Estonia Haapsalu, Kunda, Muuga, Paldiski, Parnu, Tallinn

Ethiopia none; Ethiopia is landlocked and was by agreement with Eritrea using the ports of Assab and Massawa; since the border dispute with Eritrea flared, Ethiopia has used the port of Djibouti for nearly all of its imports

Europa Island none; offshore anchorage only

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) Stanley note: the primary port is located in Stanley Harbour and known locally as FIPASS (Falkland Interim Port and Storage System); the facility consists of seven permanently moored barges providing 300 meters of berthing space; it was installed by the military after 1982 and handed over to the Falkland Islands Government in 1988

Faroe Islands Torshavn, Klaksvik, Tvoroyri, Runavik, Fuglafjordhur

Fiji Lambasa, Lautoka, Levuka, Malau, Savusavu, Suva, Vuda

Finland Hamina, Helsinki, Kokkola, Kotka, Loviisa, Oulu, Pori, Rauma, Turku, Uusikaupunki, Varkaus

France Bordeaux, Boulogne, Cherbourg, Dijon, Dunkerque, La Pallice, Le Havre, Lyon, Marseille, Mullhouse, Nates, Paris, Rouen, Saint Nazaire, Saint Malo, Strasbourg

French Guiana Cayenne, Degrad des Cannes, Saint-Laurent du Maroni

French Polynesia Mataura, Papeete, Rikitea, Uturoa

French Southern and Antarctic Lands none; offshore anchorage only

Gabon Cap Lopez, Kango, Lambarene, Libreville, Mayumba, Owendo, Port-Gentil

Gambia, The Banjul

Gaza Strip Gaza

Georgia Bat'umi, P'ot'i, Sokhumi

Germany Berlin, Bonn, Brake, Bremen, Bremerhaven, Cologne, Dresden, Duisburg, Emden, Hamburg, Karlsruhe, Kiel, Luebeck, Magdeburg, Mannheim, Rostock, Stuttgart

Ghana Takoradi, Tema

Gibraltar Gibraltar

Glorioso Islands none; offshore anchorage only

Greece Alexandroupolis, Elefsis, Irakleion (Crete), Kavala, Kerkyra, Chalkis, Igoumenitsa, Lavrion, Patrai, Peiraiefs (Piraeus), Thessaloniki, Volos

Greenland Aasiaat (Egedesminde), Ilulissat (Jakobshavn), Kangerlussuaq, Nanortalik, Narsarsuaq, Nuuk (Godthab), Qaqortoq (Julianehab), Sisimiut (Holsteinsborg), Tasiilaq (March 2001)

Grenada Grenville, Saint George's

Guadeloupe Basse-Terre, Gustavia (on Saint Barthelemy), Marigot, Pointe-a-Pitre

Guam Apra Harbor

Guatemala Champerico, Puerto Barrios, Puerto Quetzal, San Jose, Santo Tomas de Castilla

Guernsey Saint Peter Port, Saint Sampson

Guinea Boke, Conakry, Kamsar

Guinea-Bissau Bissau, Buba, Cacheu, Farim

Guyana Bartica, Georgetown, Linden, New Amsterdam, Parika

Haiti Cap-Haitien, Gonaives, Jacmel, Jeremie, Les Cayes, Miragoane, Port-au-Prince, Port-de-Paix, Saint-Marc

Heard Island and McDonald Islands none; offshore anchorage only

Holy See (Vatican City) none

Honduras La Ceiba, Puerto Castilla, Puerto Cortes, San Lorenzo, Tela, Puerto Lempira

Hong Kong Hong Kong

Howland Island none; offshore anchorage only; note - there is one small boat landing area along the middle of the west coast

Hungary Budapest, Dunaujvaros

Iceland Akureyri, Hornafjordhur, Isafjordhur, Keflavik, Raufarhofn, Reykjavik, Seydhisfjordhur, Straumsvik, Vesttmannaeyjar

India Chennai (Madras), Cochin, Jawaharal Nehru, Kandla, Kolkata (Calcutta), Mumbai (Bombay), Vishakhapatnam

Indian Ocean Chennai (Madras; India), Colombo (Sri Lanka), Durban (South Africa), Jakarta (Indonesia), Kolkata (Calcutta; India) Melbourne (Australia), Mumbai (Bombay; India), Richards Bay (South Africa)

Indonesia Cilacap, Cirebon, Jakarta, Kupang, Makassar, Palembang, Semarang, Surabaya

Iran Abadan (largely destroyed in fighting during 1980-88 war), Ahvaz, Bandar 'Abbas, Bandar-e Anzali, Bushehr, Bandar-e Emam Khomeyni, Bandar-e Lengeh, Bandar-e Mahshahr, Bandar-e Torkaman, Chabahar (Bandar Beheshti), Jazireh-ye Khark, Jazireh-ye Lavan, Jazireh-ye Sirri, Khorramshahr (limited operation since November 1992), Now Shahr

Iraq Umm Qasr, Khawr az Zubayr, and Al Basrah have limited functionality

Ireland Arklow, Cork, Drogheda, Dublin, Foynes, Galway, Limerick, New Ross, Waterford

Israel Ashdod, Ashqelon, Elat (Eilat), Hadera, Haifa, Tel Aviv-Yafo

Italy Augusta (Sicily), Bagnoli, Bari, Brindisi, Gela, Genoa, La Spezia, Livorno, Milazzo, Naples, Porto Foxi, Porto Torres (Sardinia), Salerno, Savona, Taranto, Trieste, Venice (2001)

Jamaica Alligator Pond, Discovery Bay, Kingston, Montego Bay, Ocho Rios, Port Antonio, Rocky Point, Port Esquivel (Longswharf)

Jan Mayen none; offshore anchorage only

Japan Akita, Amagasaki, Chiba, Hachinohe, Hakodate, Higashi-Harima, Himeji, Hiroshima, Kawasaki, Kinuura, Kobe, Kushiro, Mizushima, Moji, Nagoya, Osaka, Sakai, Sakaide, Shimizu, Tokyo, Tomakomai

Jarvis Island none; offshore anchorage only; note - there is one small boat landing area in the middle of the west coast and another near the southwest corner of the island

Jersey Gorey, Saint Aubin, Saint Helier

Johnston Atoll Johnston Island

Jordan Al 'Aqabah

Juan de Nova Island none; offshore anchorage only

Kazakhstan Aqtau (Shevchenko), Atyrau (Gur'yev), Oskemen (Ust-Kamenogorsk), Pavlodar, Semey (Semipalatinsk)

Kenya Kisumu, Lamu, Mombasa

Kingman Reef none; offshore anchorage only

Kiribati Banaba, Betio, English Harbour, Kanton

Korea, North Ch'ongjin, Haeju, Hungnam (Hamhung), Kimch'aek, Kosong, Najin, Namp'o, Sinuiju, Songnim, Sonbong (formerly Unggi), Ungsang, Wonsan

Korea, South Chinhae, Inch'on, Kunsan, Masan, Mokp'o, P'ohang, Pusan, Tonghae-hang, Ulsan, Yosu

Kuwait Ash Shu'aybah, Ash Shuwaykh, Kuwait, Mina' 'Abd Allah, Mina' al Ahmadi, Mina' Su'ud

Kyrgyzstan Balykchy (Ysyk-Kol or Rybach'ye)

Laos none

Latvia Liepaja, Riga, Ventspils

Lebanon Antilyas, Batroun, Beirut, Chekka, El Mina, Ez Zahrani, Jbail, Jounie, Naqoura, Sidon, Tripoli, Tyre

Lesotho none

Liberia Buchanan, Greenville, Harper, Monrovia, Robertsport

Libya Al Khums, Banghazi, Darnah, Marsa al Burayqah, Misratah, Ra's Lanuf, Tobruk, Tripoli, Zuwarah

Liechtenstein none

Lithuania Butinge, Kaunas, Klaipeda

Luxembourg Mertert

Macau Macau

Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of none

Madagascar Antsiranana, Antsohimbondrona, Mahajanga, Toamasina, Toliara

Malawi Chipoka, Monkey Bay, Nkhata Bay, Nkhotakota, Chilumba

Malaysia Bintulu, Kota Kinabalu, Kuantan, Kuching, Kudat, Labuan, Lahad Datu, Lumut, Miri, Pasir Gudang, George Town (Penang), Port Dickson, Port Kelang, Sandakan, Sibu, Tanjung Berhala, Tanjung Kidurong, Tawau

Maldives Gan, Male

Mali Koulikoro

Malta Marsaxlokk, Valletta

Man, Isle of Castletown, Douglas, Peel, Ramsey

Marshall Islands Majuro

Martinique Fort-de-France, La Trinite

Mauritania Bogue, Kaedi, Nouadhibou, Nouakchott, Rosso

Mauritius Port Louis

Mayotte Dzaoudzi

Mexico Acapulco, Altamira, Coatzacoalcos, Ensenada, Guaymas, La Paz, Lazaro Cardenas, Manzanillo, Mazatlan, Progreso, Salina Cruz, Tampico, Topolobampo, Tuxpan, Veracruz

Micronesia, Federated States of Colonia (Yap), Kolonia (Pohnpei), Lele, Moen

Midway Islands Sand Island

Moldova none

Monaco Monaco

Mongolia none

Montserrat Plymouth (abandoned), Little Bay (anchorages and ferry landing), Carr's Bay

Morocco Agadir, El Jadida, Casablanca, El Jorf Lasfar, Kenitra, Mohammedia, Nador, Rabat, Safi, Tangier; also Spanish-controlled Ceuta and Melilla

Mozambique Beira, Inhambane, Maputo, Nacala, Pemba, Quelimane

Namibia Luderitz, Walvis Bay

Nauru Nauru

Navassa Island none; offshore anchorage only

Nepal none

Netherlands Amsterdam, Delfzijl, Dordrecht, Eemshaven, Groningen, Haarlem, IJmuiden, Maastricht, Rotterdam, Terneuzen, Utrecht, Vlissingen

Netherlands Antilles Kralendijk, Philipsburg, Willemstad

New Caledonia Mueo, Noumea, Thio

New Zealand Auckland, Christchurch, Dunedin, Tauranga, Wellington

Nicaragua Bluefields, Corinto, El Bluff, Puerto Cabezas, Puerto Sandino, Rama, San Juan del Sur

Niger none

Nigeria Calabar, Lagos, Onne, Port Harcourt, Sapele, Warri

Niue none; offshore anchorage only

Norfolk Island none; loading jetties at Kingston and Cascade

Northern Mariana Islands Saipan, Tinian

Norway Bergen, Drammen, Floro, Hammerfest, Harstad, Haugesund, Kristiansand, Larvik, Narvik, Oslo, Porsgrunn, Stavanger, Tromso, Trondheim

Oman Matrah, Mina' al Fahl, Mina' Raysut

Pacific Ocean Bangkok (Thailand), Hong Kong, Kao-hsiung (Taiwan), Los Angeles (US), Manila (Philippines), Pusan (South Korea), San Francisco (US), Seattle (US), Shanghai (China), Singapore, Sydney (Australia), Vladivostok (Russia), Wellington (NZ), Yokohama (Japan)

Pakistan Karachi, Port Muhammad bin Qasim

Palau Koror

Palmyra Atoll West Lagoon

Panama Balboa, Cristobal, Coco Solo, Manzanillo (part of Colon area), Vacamonte

Papua New Guinea Kieta, Lae, Madang, Port Moresby, Rabaul

Paracel Islands small Chinese port facilities on Woody Island and Duncan Island being expanded

Paraguay Asuncion, Villeta, San Antonio, Encarnacion

Peru Callao, Chimbote, Ilo, Matarani, Paita, Puerto Maldonado, Salaverry, San Martin, Talara, Iquitos, Pucallpa, Yurimaguas note: Iquitos, Pucallpa, and Yurimaguas are all on the upper reaches of the Amazon and its tributaries

Philippines Batangas, Cagayan de Oro, Cebu, Davao, Guimaras Island, Iligan, Iloilo, Jolo, Legaspi, Manila, Masao, Puerto Princesa, San Fernando, Subic Bay, Zamboanga

Pitcairn Islands Adamstown (on Bounty Bay)

Poland Gdansk, Gdynia, Gliwice, Kolobrzeg, Szczecin, Swinoujscie, Ustka, Warsaw, Wroclaw

Portugal Aveiro, Funchal (Madeira Islands), Horta (Azores), Leixoes, Lisbon, Porto, Ponta Delgada (Azores), Praia da Vitoria (Azores), Setubal, Viana do Castelo

Puerto Rico Aguadilla, Arecibo, Fajardo, Guanica, Guayanilla, Guayama, Mayaguez, Playa de Ponce, San Juan

Qatar Doha, Halul Island, Umm Sa'id (Musay'id)

Reunion Le Port, Pointe des Galets

Romania Braila, Constanta, Galati, Mangalia, Sulina, Tulcea

Russia Aleksandrovsk-Sakhalinsky, Arkhangel'sk, Astrakhan', De-Kastri, Indigirskiy, Kaliningrad, Kandalaksha, Kazan', Khabarovsk, Kholmsk, Krasnoyarsk, Lazarev, Mago, Mezen', Moscow, Murmansk, Nakhodka, Nevel'sk, Novorossiysk, Onega, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy, Rostov, Shakhtersk, Saint Petersburg, Sochi, Taganrog, Tuapse, Uglegorsk, Vanino, Vladivostok, Volgograd, Vostochnyy, Vyborg

Rwanda Cyangugu, Gisenyi, Kibuye

Saint Helena Georgetown (on Ascension), Jamestown

Saint Kitts and Nevis Basseterre, Charlestown

Saint Lucia Castries, Vieux Fort

Saint Pierre and Miquelon Saint Pierre

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Kingstown

Samoa Apia, Asau, Mulifanua, Salelologa

San Marino none

Sao Tome and Principe Santo Antonio, Sao Tome

Saudi Arabia Ad Dammam, Al Jubayl, Duba, Jiddah, Jizan, Rabigh, Ra's al Khafji, Mishab, Ras Tanura, Yanbu' al Bahr, Madinat Yanbu' al Sinaiyah

Senegal Dakar, Kaolack, Matam, Podor, Richard Toll, Saint-Louis, Ziguinchor

Serbia and Montenegro Bar, Belgrade, Kotor, Novi Sad, Pancevo, Tivat, Zelenika

Seychelles Victoria

Sierra Leone Bonthe, Freetown, Pepel

Singapore Singapore

Slovakia Bratislava, Komarno

Slovenia Izola, Koper, Piran

Solomon Islands Aola Bay, Honiara, Lofung, Noro, Viru Harbor, Yandina

Somalia Boosaaso, Berbera, Chisimayu (Kismaayo), Merca, Mogadishu

South Africa Cape Town, Durban, East London, Mossel Bay, Port Elizabeth, Richards Bay, Saldanha

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Grytviken

Southern Ocean McMurdo, Palmer, and offshore anchorages in Antarctica note: few ports or harbors exist on the southern side of the Southern Ocean; ice conditions limit use of most of them to short periods in midsummer; even then some cannot be entered without icebreaker escort; most antarctic ports are operated by government research stations and, except in an emergency, are not open to commercial or private vessels; vessels in any port south of 60 degrees south are subject to inspection by Antarctic Treaty observers (see Article 7)

Spain Aviles, Barcelona, Bilbao, Cadiz, Cartagena, Castellon de la Plana, Ceuta, Huelva, La Coruna, Las Palmas (Canary Islands), Malaga, Melilla, Pasajes, Gijon, Santa Cruz de Tenerife (Canary Islands), Santander, Tarragona, Valencia, Vigo

Spratly Islands none; offshore anchorage only

Sri Lanka Colombo, Galle, Jaffna, Trincomalee

Sudan Juba, Khartoum, Kusti, Malakal, Nimule, Port Sudan, Sawakin

Suriname Albina, Moengo, New Nickerie, Paramaribo, Paranam, Wageningen

Svalbard Barentsburg, Longyearbyen, Ny-Alesund, Pyramiden

Swaziland none

Sweden Gavle, Goteborg, Halmstad, Helsingborg, Hudiksvall, Kalmar, Karlshamn, Lulea, Malmo, Solvesborg, Stockholm, Sundsvall

Switzerland Basel

Syria Baniyas, Jablah, Latakia, Tartus

Taiwan Chi-lung (Keelung), Hua-lien, Kao-hsiung, Su-ao, T'ai-chung

Tajikistan none

Tanzania Bukoba, Dar es Salaam, Kigoma, Kilwa Masoko, Lindi, Mtwara, Mwanza, Pangani, Tanga, Wete, Zanzibar

Thailand Bangkok, Laem Chabang, Pattani, Phuket, Sattahip, Si Racha, Songkhla

Togo Kpeme, Lome

Tokelau none; offshore anchorage only

Tonga Neiafu, Nuku'alofa, Pangai

Trinidad and Tobago Pointe-a-Pierre, Point Fortin, Point Lisas, Port-of-Spain, Scarborough, Tembladora

Tromelin Island none; offshore anchorage only

Tunisia Bizerte, Gabes, La Goulette, Sfax, Sousse, Tunis, Zarzis

Turkey Gemlik, Hopa, Iskenderun, Istanbul, Izmir, Kocaeli (Izmit), Icel (Mersin), Samsun, Trabzon

Turkmenistan Turkmenbasy

Turks and Caicos Islands Grand Turk, Providenciales

Tuvalu Funafuti, Nukufetau

Uganda Entebbe, Jinja, Port Bell

Ukraine Berdyans'k, Feodosiya, Illichivs'k, Izmayil, Kerch, Kherson, Kiev (Kyyiv), Kiliya, Mariupol', Mykolayiv, Odesa, Reni, Sevastopol', Yalta, Yuzhnyy

United Arab Emirates 'Ajman, Al Fujayrah, Das Island, Khawr Fakkan, Mina' Jabal 'Ali, Mina' Khalid, Mina' Rashid, Mina' Saqr, Mina' Zayid, Umm al Qaywayn

United Kingdom Aberdeen, Belfast, Bristol, Cardiff, Dover, Falmouth, Felixstowe, Glasgow, Grangemouth, Hull, Leith, Liverpool, London, Manchester, Peterhead, Plymouth, Portsmouth, Scapa Flow, Southampton, Sullom Voe, Teesport, Tyne

United States Anchorage, Baltimore, Boston, Charleston, Chicago, Duluth, Hampton Roads, Honolulu, Houston, Jacksonville, Los Angeles, New Orleans, New York, Philadelphia, Port Canaveral, Portland (Oregon), Prudhoe Bay, San Francisco, Savannah, Seattle, Tampa, Toledo

Uruguay Colonia, Fray Bentos, Juan La Caze, La Paloma, Montevideo, Nueva Palmira, Paysandu, Punta del Este, Piriapolis

Uzbekistan Termiz (Amu Darya)

Vanuatu Forari, Port-Vila, Santo (Espiritu Santo)

Venezuela Amuay, Bajo Grande, El Tablazo, La Guaira, La Salina, Maracaibo, Matanzas, Palua, Puerto Cabello, Puerto la Cruz, Puerto Ordaz, Puerto Sucre, Punta Cardon

Vietnam Cam Ranh, Da Nang, Haiphong, Ho Chi Minh City, Ha Long, Quy Nhon, Nha Trang, Vinh, Vung Tau

Virgin Islands Charlotte Amalie, Christiansted, Cruz Bay, Port Alucroix

Wake Island none; two offshore anchorages for large ships

Wallis and Futuna Leava, Mata-Utu

West Bank none

Western Sahara Ad Dakhla, Cabo Bojador, Laayoune (El Aaiun)

World Chiba, Houston, Kawasaki, Kobe, Marseille, Mina' al Ahmadi (Kuwait), New Orleans, New York, Rotterdam, Yokohama

Yemen Aden, Al Hudaydah, Al Mukalla, As Salif, Ras Issa, Mocha, Nishtun

Zambia Mpulungu

Zimbabwe Binga, Kariba

This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003



======================================================================



@2121 Railways (km)

Afghanistan total: 24.6 km broad gauge: 9.6 km 1.524-m gauge from Gushgy (Turkmenistan) to Towraghondi; 15 km 1.524-m gauge from Termiz (Uzbekistan) to Kheyrabad transshipment point on south bank of Amu Darya (2001)

Albania total: 447 km standard gauge: 447 km 1.435-m gauge (2002)

Algeria total: 3,973 km standard gauge: 2,888 km 1.435-m gauge (283 km electrified) narrow gauge: 1,085 km 1.055-m gauge (2002)

American Samoa 0 km

Andorra 0 km

Angola total: 2,761 km narrow gauge: 2,638 km 1.067-m gauge; 123 km 0.600-m gauge (2002)

Anguilla 0 km

Antigua and Barbuda total: 77 km narrow gauge: 64 km 0.760-m gauge; 13 km 0.610-m gauge (used almost exclusively for handling sugarcane) (2001 est.)

Argentina total: 34,463 km (168 km electrified) broad gauge: 20,736 km 1.676-m gauge (142 km electrified) standard gauge: 3,115 km 1.435-m gauge (26 km electrified) narrow gauge: 10,375 km 1.000-m gauge; 237 km 0.750-m gauge (2002)

Armenia total: 852 km in common carrier service; does not include industrial lines broad gauge: 852 km 1.520-m gauge (779 km electrified) (2002)

Aruba 0 km

Australia total: 41,588 km (4,612 km electrified) broad gauge: 2,193 km 1.600-m gauge standard gauge: 23,648 km 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 15,456 km 1.067-m gauge dual gauge: 291 km dual gauge (2002)

Austria total: 6,024 km (3,641 km electrified) standard gauge: 5,566 km 1.435-m gauge (3,524 km electrified) narrow gauge: 34 km 1.000-m gauge (28 km electrified); 424 km 0.760-m gauge (89 km electrified) (2002)

Azerbaijan total: 2,122 km broad gauge: 2,122 km 1.520-m gauge (1,278 km electrified) (2002)

Bahamas, The 0 km

Bahrain 0 km

Bangladesh total: 2,706 km broad gauge: 884 km 1.676-m gauge narrow gauge: 1,822 km 1.000-m gauge (2002)

Barbados 0 km

Belarus total: 5,523 km broad gauge: 5,523 km 1.520-m gauge (875 km electrified) (2002)

Belgium total: 3,471 km standard gauge: 3,471 km 1.435-m gauge (2,631 km electrified) (2002)

Belize 0 km

Benin total: 578 km narrow gauge: 578 km 1.000-m gauge (2002)

Bermuda 0 km

Bhutan 0 km

Bolivia total: 3,519 km narrow gauge: 3,519 km 1.000-m gauge (2002)

Bosnia and Herzegovina total: 1,021 km (795 km electrified) standard gauge: 1,021 km 1.435-m gauge (2002)

Botswana total: 888 km narrow gauge: 888 km 1.067-m gauge (2002)

Brazil total: 31,543 km (1,981 km electrified) broad gauge: 4,961 km 1.600-m gauge (692 km electrified) standard gauge: 194 km 1.440-m gauge (630 km electrified) narrow gauge: 25,992 km 1.000-m gauge (581 km electrified) dual gauge: 396 km 1.000-m and 1.600-m gauges (three rails) (78 km electrified) (2002)

British Virgin Islands 0 km

Brunei total: 13 km (private line) narrow gauge: 13 km 0.610-m gauge (2001 est.)

Bulgaria total: 4,294 km standard gauge: 4,049 km 1.435-m gauge (2,710 km electrified) narrow gauge: 245 km 0.760-m gauge (2002)

Burkina Faso total: 622 km narrow gauge: 622 km 1.000-m gauge note:: another 660 km of this railway extends into Cote D'Ivoire (2002)

Burma total: 3,955 km narrow gauge: 3,955 km 1.000-m gauge (2002)

Burundi 0 km

Cambodia total: 602 km narrow gauge: 602 km 1.000-m gauge (2002)

Cameroon total: 1,008 km narrow gauge: 1,008 km 1.000-m gauge (2002)

Canada total: 49,422 km standard gauge: 49,422 km 1.435-m gauge (129 km electrified) (2002)

Cape Verde 0 km

Cayman Islands 0 km

Central African Republic 0 km

Chad 0 km

Chile total: 6,585 km broad gauge: 2,831 km 1.676-m gauge (1,317 km electrified) narrow gauge: 3,754 km 1.000-m gauge (2002)

China total: 71,600 km standard gauge: 68,000 km 1.435-m gauge (14,600 km electrified) narrow gauge: 3,600 km 1.000-m and 0.750-m gauge local industrial lines (2002)

Christmas Island 24 km to serve phosphate mines

Cocos (Keeling) Islands 0 km

Colombia total: 3,304 km standard gauge: 150 km 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 3,154 km 0.914-m gauge (2002)

Comoros 0 km

Congo, Democratic Republic of the total: 4,772 km narrow gauge: 3,621 km 1.067-m gauge (858 km electrified); 125 km 1.000-m gauge; 1,026 km 0.600-m gauge (2002)

Congo, Republic of the total: 894 km narrow gauge: 894 km 1.067-m gauge (2002)

Cook Islands 0 km

Costa Rica total: 950 km narrow gauge: 950 km 1.067-m gauge (260 km electrified) (2002)

Cote d'Ivoire total: 660 km narrow gauge: 660 km 1.000-meter gauge note: an additional 622 km of this railroad extends into Burkina Faso (2002)

Croatia total: 2,296 km standard gauge: 2,296 km 1.435-m gauge (983 km electrified) (2002)

Cuba total: 3,442 km standard gauge: 3,442 km 1.435-m gauge (142 km electrified) note: an additional 7,742 km of track is used by sugar plantations; about 65% of this track is standard gauge; the rest is narrow gauge (2002)

Cyprus 0 km

Czech Republic total: 9,462 km standard gauge: 9,363 km 1.435-m gauge (1,745 km electrified) narrow gauge: 99 km 0.760-m gauge (2002)

Denmark total: 3,164 km standard gauge: 2,324 km 1.435-m gauge (595 km electrified) note:: total includes 840 km of suburban track (2002)

Djibouti total: 100 km (Djibouti segment of the Addis Ababa-Djibouti railway) narrow gauge: 100 km 1.000-m gauge note: railway under joint control of Djibouti and Ethiopia (2002)

Dominica 0 km

Dominican Republic total: 1,503 km standard gauge: 375 km 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 142 km 0.762-m gauge note:: 986 km also operated by sugar companies in 1.076-m, 0.889-m, and 0.762-m gauges (2002)

East Timor 0 km

Ecuador total: 966 km narrow gauge: 966 km 1.067-m gauge (2002)

Egypt total: 5,105 km standard gauge: 5,105 km 1.435-m gauge (42 km electrified) (2002)

El Salvador total: 283 km narrow gauge: 283 km 0.914-m gauge note: length of operational route reduced from 562 km to 283 km by disuse and lack of maintenance (2002)

Equatorial Guinea total: 0 km

Eritrea total: 306 km narrow gauge: 306 km 0.950-m gauge note: railway is being rebuilt (2002)

Estonia total: 968 km broad gauge: 968 km 1.520-m/1.524-m gauge (132 km electrified) note:: gauge being increased from 1.520-m to 1.524-m to reduce wear on wheels and rail as lines are modernized (2002)

Ethiopia total: 681 km (Ethiopian segment of the Addis Ababa-Djibouti railroad) narrow gauge: 681 km 1.000-m gauge note: railway under joint control of Djibouti and Ethiopia (2002)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) 0 km

Faroe Islands 0 km

Fiji total: 597 km narrow gauge: 597 km 0.600-m gauge note: belongs to the government-owned Fiji Sugar Corporation; used to haul sugarcane during harvest season (May to September) (2002)

Finland total: 5,850 km broad gauge: 5,850 km 1.524-m gauge (2,400 km electrified) (2002)

France total: 32,682 km standard gauge: 32,515 km 1.435-m gauge (14,104 km electrified) narrow gauge: 167 km 1.000-m gauge (2002)

French Guiana 0 km

French Polynesia 0 km

Gabon total: 814 km standard gauge: 814 km 1.435-m gauge (2002)

Gambia, The 0 km

Gaza Strip total: NA km; note - one line, abandoned and in disrepair, little trackage remains (2001 est.)

Georgia total: 1,612 km broad gauge: 1,575 km 1.520-m gauge narrow gauge: 37 km 0.912-m gauge (2002)

Germany total: 45,514 km (21,000 km electrified) standard gauge: 45,276 km 1.435-m gauge (20,084 km electrified) narrow gauge: 214 km 1.000-m gauge (16 km electrified); 24 km 0.750-m gauge (2002)

Ghana total: 953 km narrow gauge: 953 km 1.067-m gauge (2002)

Greece total: 2,571 km (764 km electrified) standard gauge: 1,565 km 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 961 km 1.000-m gauge; 22 km 0.750-m gauge dual gauge: 23 km combined 1.435-m and 1.000-m gauges (three rail system) (2002)

Greenland 0 km

Grenada 0 km

Guadeloupe NA km; privately owned, narrow-gauge plantation lines

Guam 0 km

Guatemala total: 886 km narrow gauge: 886 km 0.914-m gauge (2002)

Guernsey 5 km

Guinea total: 1,115 km standard gauge: 311 km 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 804 km 1.000-m gauge (2002)

Guinea-Bissau 0 km

Guyana total: 187 km standard gauge: 139 km 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 48 km 0.914-m gauge note: all dedicated to ore transport (2001 est.)

Haiti total: 40 km narrow gauge: 40 km 0.760-m gauge; single-track note: privately owned industrial line; closed in early 1990s (2001 est.)

Holy See (Vatican City) total: 0.86 km standard gauge: 0.86 km 1.435-m gauge note: a spur of the Italian Railways system, serving Rome's Saint Peter's station (2001 est.)

Honduras total: 699 km narrow gauge: 279 km 1.067-m gauge; 420 km 0.914-m gauge (2002)

Hong Kong total: 34 km standard gauge: 34 km 1.435-m gauge (electrified and double-tracked) note: connects to China railway system at Hong Kong-China border (2001)

Hungary total: 7,875 km broad gauge: 36 km 1.524-m gauge standard gauge: 7,620 km 1.435-m gauge (2,628 km electrified) narrow gauge: 219 km 0.760-m gauge note: Hungary and Austria jointly manage a cross-border, standard-gauge railway connecting Gyor, Sopron, and Ebenfurt (Gysev railroad) with a route length of 101 km in Hungary and 65 km in Austria; 156 km of this line is electrified (2002)

Iceland 0 km

India total: 63,518 km (15,009 km electrified) broad gauge: 45,142 km 1.676-m gauge narrow gauge: 15,013 km 1.000-m gauge; 3,363 km 0.762-m gauge and 0.610-m gauge (2002)

Indonesia total: 6,458 km narrow gauge: 5,961 km 1.067-m gauge (125 km electrified); 497 km 0.750-m gauge (2002)

Iran total: 7,201 km broad gauge: 94 km 1.676-m gauge standard gauge: 7,107 km 1.435-m gauge (146 km electrified) (2002)

Iraq total: 1,963 km standard gauge: 1,963 km 1.435-m gauge (2003)

Ireland total: 3,312 km broad gauge: 1,947 km 1.600-m gauge (46 km electrified) narrow gauge: 1,365 km 0.914-m gauge (operated by the Irish Peat Board to transport peat to power stations and briquetting plants) (2002)

Israel total: 640 km standard gauge: 640 km 1.435-m gauge (2002)

Italy total: 19,493 km standard gauge: 18,090 km 1.435-m gauge (11,375 km electrified) narrow gauge: 88 km 1.000-m gauge (88 km electrified); 1,315 km 0.950-m gauge (189 km electrified) (2002)

Jamaica total: 272 km standard gauge: 272 km 1.435-m gauge; note - 207 km, belonging to the Jamaica Railway Corporation, were in common carrier service but are no longer operational; the remaining track is privately owned and used to transport bauxite (2002)

Japan total: 23,168 km (15,995 km electrified) standard gauge: 3,204 km 1.435-m gauge (3,204 km electrified) narrow gauge: 77 km 1.372-m gauge (77 km electrified); 19,855 km 1.067-m gauge (12,683 km electrified); 31 km 0.762-m gauge (31 km electrified) (2002)

Jersey 0 km

Jordan total: 505 km narrow gauge: 505 km 1.050-m gauge (2002)

Juan de Nova Island total: NA km; short line going to a jetty

Kazakhstan total: 13,601 km broad gauge: 13,601 km 1.520-m gauge (3,661 km electrified) (2002)

Kenya total: 2,778 km narrow gauge: 2,778 km 1.000-m gauge (2002)

Kiribati 0 km

Korea, North total: 5,214 km standard gauge: 4,549 km 1.435-m gauge (3,500 km electrified) narrow gauge: 665 km 0.762-m gauge (2002)

Korea, South total: 3,125 km standard gauge: 3,125 km 1.435-m gauge (661 km electrified) (2002)

Kuwait 0 km

Kyrgyzstan total: 420 km broad gauge: 420 km 1.520-m gauge (2002)

Laos 0 km

Latvia total: 2,347 km broad gauge: 2,314 km 1.520-m gauge (270 km electrified) narrow gauge: 33 km 0.750-m gauge (2002)

Lebanon total: 401 km standard gauge: 319 km 1.435-m narrow gauge: 82 km 1.050-m note: rail system is unusable because of damage in civil war (2002)

Lesotho total: 2.6 km; note - owned by, operated by, and included in the statistics of South Africa narrow gauge: 2.6 km 1.067-m gauge (1995)

Liberia total: 490 km standard gauge: 345 km 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 145 km 1.067-m gauge note: none of the railways are in operation (2002)

Libya 0 km

Liechtenstein total: 18.5 km standard gauge: 18.5 km 1.435-m gauge (electrified) note: owned, operated, and included in statistics of Austrian Federal Railways (2002)

Lithuania total: 1,998 km broad gauge: 1,807 km 1.524-m gauge (122 km electrified) standard gauge: 22 km 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 169 km 0.750-m gauge (all service suspended) (2002)

Luxembourg total: 274 km standard gauge: 274 km 1.435-m gauge (242 km electrified) (2002)

Macau 0 km

Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of total: 699 km standard gauge: 699 km 1.435-m gauge (233 km electrified) (2002)

Madagascar total: 732 km narrow gauge: 732 km 1.000-m gauge (2002)

Malawi total: 797 km narrow gauge: 797 km 1.067-m gauge (2002)

Malaysia total: 2,418 km standard gauge: 57 km 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 2,361 km 1.000-m gauge (150 km electrified) (2002)

Maldives 0 km

Mali total: 729 km narrow gauge: 729 km 1.000-m gauge (2002)

Malta 0 km

Man, Isle of total: 60 km (35 km electrified) (2002)

Marshall Islands 0 km

Martinique 0 km

Mauritania 717 km standard gauge: 717 km 1.435-m gauge (2002)

Mauritius 0 km

Mayotte 0 km

Mexico total: 19,510 km standard gauge: 19,510 km 1.435-m gauge (2002)

Micronesia, Federated States of 0 km

Moldova total: 1,300 km broad gauge: 1,300 km 1.520-m gauge (2002)

Monaco total: 1.7 km standard gauge: 1.7 km 1.435-m gauge (2002)

Mongolia 1,815 km broad gauge: 1,815 km 1.524-m gauge (2002)

Montserrat 0 km

Morocco total: 1,907 km standard gauge: 1,907 km 1.435-m gauge (1,003 km electrified) (2002)

Mozambique total: 3,123 km narrow gauge: 2,983 km 1.067-m gauge; 140 km 0.762-m gauge (2002)

Namibia total: 2,382 km narrow gauge: 2,382 km 1.067-m gauge (2002)

Nauru total: 5 km note: gauge unknown; used to haul phosphates from the center of the island to processing facilities on the southwest coast (2001)

Nepal total: 59 km narrow gauge: 59 km 0.762-m gauge (2002)

Netherlands total: 2,808 km standard gauge: 2,808 km 1.435-m gauge (2,061 km electrified) (2002)

Netherlands Antilles 0 km

New Caledonia 0 km

New Zealand total: 3,898 km narrow gauge: 3,898 km 1.067-m gauge (506 km electrified) (2002)

Nicaragua total: 6 km narrow gauge: 6 km 1.067-m gauge (2002)

Niger 0 km

Nigeria total: 3,557 km narrow gauge: 3,505 km 1.067-m gauge standard gauge: 52 km 1.435-m gauge (2002)

Niue 0 km

Norfolk Island 0 km

Northern Mariana Islands 0 km

Norway total: 4,178 km standard gauge: 4,178 km 1.435-m gauge (2,518 km electrified) (2002)

Oman 0 km

Pakistan total: 8,163 km broad gauge: 7,718 km 1.676-m gauge (293 km electrified) narrow gauge: 445 km 1.000-m gauge (2002)

Palau 0 km

Panama total: 355 km broad gauge: 76 km 1.524-m gauge narrow gauge: 279 km 0.914-m gauge (2002)

Papua New Guinea 0 km

Paraguay total: 441 km standard gauge: 441 km 1.435-m gauge (2002)

Peru total: 1,829 km standard gauge: 1,515 km 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 314 km 0.914-m gauge (2002)

Philippines total: 897 km narrow gauge: 897 km 1.067-m gauge (405 km are not in operation) (2002)

Pitcairn Islands 0 km

Poland total: 23,420 km broad gauge: 646 km 1.524-m gauge standard gauge: 21,639 km 1.435-m gauge (11,626 km electrified) narrow gauge: 1,135 km various gauges including 1.000-m, 0.785-m, 0.750-m, and 0.600-m (2002)

Portugal total: 2,850 km broad gauge: 2,576 km 1.668-m gauge (623 km electrified) narrow gauge: 274 km 1.000-m gauge (2002)

Puerto Rico total: 96 km narrow gauge: 96 km 1.000-m gauge (2002)

Qatar 0 km

Reunion 0 km

Romania total: 11,385 km (3,888 km electrified) standard gauge: 10,898 km 1.435-m gauge broad gage: 60 km 1.524-m gauge narrow gauge: 427 km 0.760-m gauge (2002)

Russia total: 87,157 km broad gauge: 86,200 km 1.520-m gauge (40,300 km electrified) narrow gauge: 957 km 1.067-m gauge (on Sakhalin Island) note:: an additional 30,000 km of non-common carrrier lines serve industries (2002)

Rwanda 0 km

Saint Helena 0 km

Saint Kitts and Nevis total: 50 km narrow gauge: 50 km 0.762-m gauge on Saint Kitts to serve sugarcane plantations during harvest season (2002)

Saint Lucia 0 km

Saint Pierre and Miquelon 0 km

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 0 km

Samoa 0 km

San Marino 0 km; note - there is a 1.5-km cable railway connecting the city of San Marino to Borgo Maggiore

Sao Tome and Principe 0 km

Saudi Arabia total: 1,392 km standard gauge: 1,392 km 1.435-m gauge (with branch lines and sidings) (2002)

Senegal total: 906 km narrow gauge: 906 km 1.000-meter gauge (2002)

Serbia and Montenegro total: 4,059 km standard gauge: 4,059 km 1.435-m gauge (1,364 km electrified) (2002)

Seychelles 0 km

Sierra Leone total: 84 km narrow gauge: 84 km 1.067-m gauge note: Sierra Leone has no common carrier railroads; the existing railroad is private and used on a limited basis while the mine at Marampa is closed (2001)

Singapore total: 38.6 km narrow gauge: 38.6 km 1.000-m gauge note: there is also an 83 km mass transit system with 48 stations

Slovakia total: 3,668 km broad gauge: 106 km 1.520-m gauge standard gauge: 3,511 km 1.435-m gauge (1,567 km electrified) narrow gauge: 51 km (46 km 1,000-m gauge; 5 km 0.750-m gauge) (2002)

Slovenia total: 1,201 km standard gauge: 1,201 km 1.435-m gauge (499 km electrified) (2002)

Solomon Islands 0 km

Somalia 0 km

South Africa total: 22,298 km narrow gauge: 21,984 km 1.065-m gauge (10,436 km electrified); 314 km 0.610-m gauge note: includes a 2,228 km commuter rail system (2002)

Spain total: 14,189 km broad gauge: 11,804 km 1.668-m gauge (6,409 km electrified) standard gauge: 455 km 1.435-m gauge (455 km electrified) narrow gauge: 1,902 km 1.000-m gauge (781 km electrified); 28 km 0.914-m gauge (28 km electrified) (2002)

Sri Lanka total: 1,508 km broad gauge: 1,449 km 1.676-m gauge narrow gauge: 59 km 0.762-m gauge (2002)

Sudan total: 5,978 km narrow gauge: 4,578 km 1.067-m gauge; 1,400 km 0.600-m gauge plantation line (2002)

Suriname total: 166 km (single-track) standard gauge: 80 km 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 86 km 1.000-m gauge note: Suriname railroads are not in operation (2001)

Svalbard 0 km

Swaziland total: 301 km narrow gauge: 301 km 1.067-m gauge (2002)

Sweden total: 11,481 km standard gauge: 11,481 km 1.435-m gauge (7,527 km electrified) (2002)

Switzerland total: 4,511 km standard gauge: 3,483 km 1.435-m gauge (3,472 km electrified) narrow gauge: 982 km 1.000-m gauge (975 km electrified); 46 km 0.800-m gauge (46 km electrified) (2002)

Syria total: 2,743 km standard gauge: 2,425 km 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 318 km 1.050-m gauge (2002)

Taiwan total: 1,108 km narrow gauge: 1,108 km 1.067-m gauge (519 km electrified) note: there also are 1,255 km of 1.067-m gauge routes belonging to the Taiwan Sugar Corporation and to the Taiwan Forestry Bureau used to haul products and limited numbers of passengers (2002)

Tajikistan total: 482 km broad gauge: 482 km 1.520-m gauge (2002)

Tanzania total: 3,690 km narrow gauge: 2,721 km 1.000-m gauge; 969 km 1.067-m gauge (2002)

Thailand total: 4,071 km narrow gauge: 4,071 km 1.000-m gauge (2002)

Togo total: 525 km narrow gauge: 525 km 1.000-m gauge (2002)

Tokelau 0 km

Tonga 0 km

Trinidad and Tobago minimal agricultural railroad system near San Fernando; common carrier railway service was discontinued in 1968 (2001)

Tunisia total: 2,152 km standard gauge: 468 km 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 1,674 km 1.000-m gauge (65 km electrified) dual gauge: 10 km 1.435-m and 1.000-m gauges (three rails) (2002)

Turkey total: 8,607 km standard gauge: 8,607 km 1.435-m gauge (2,131 km electrified) (2002)

Turkmenistan total: 2,440 km broad gauge: 2,440 km 1.520-m gauge (2002)

Turks and Caicos Islands 0 km

Tuvalu 0 km

Uganda total: 1,241 km narrow gauge: 1,241 km 1.000-m gauge (2002)

Ukraine total: 22,473 km broad gauge: 22,473 km 1.524-m gauge (9,250 km electrified) (2002)

United Arab Emirates 0 km

United Kingdom total: 16,893 km standard gauge: 16,536 km 1.435-m gauge (4,928 km electrified) broad gauge: 357 km 1.600-m gauge (in Northern Ireland) (2002)

United States total: 194,731 km mainline routes standard gauge: 194,731 km 1.435-m gauge note: represents the aggregate length of roadway of all line-haul railroads including an estimate for class II and III railroads; excludes 135,185 km of yard tracks, sidings, and parallel lines (2000)

Uruguay total: 2,073 km standard gauge: 2,073 km 1.435-m gauge note: 461 km have been taken out of service and 460 km are in partial use (2002)

Uzbekistan total: 3,950 km broad gauge: 3,950 km 1.520-m gauge (620 km electrified) (2002)

Vanuatu 0 km

Venezuela total: 682 km standard gauge: 682 km 1.435-m gauge (2002)

Vietnam total: 3,142 km standard gauge: 209 km 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 2,625 km 1.000-m gauge dual gauge: 308 km three-rail track combining 1.435-m and 1.000-m gauges (2002)

Virgin Islands 0 km

Wallis and Futuna 0 km

West Bank 0 km

Western Sahara 0 km

World total: 1,122,650 km includes about 190,000 to 195,000 km of electrified routes of which 147,760 km are in Europe, 24,509 km in the Far East, 11,050 km in Africa, 4,223 km in South America, and 4,160 km in North America; note - fastest speed in daily service is 300 km/hr attained by France's Societe Nationale des Chemins-de-Fer Francais (SNCF) Le Train a Grande Vitesse (TGV) - Atlantique line broad gauge: 251,153 km standard gauge: 710,754 km narrow gauge: 239,430 km

Yemen 0 km

Zambia total: 2,173 km narrow gauge: 2,173 km 1.067-m gauge note: includes 891 km of the Tanzania-Zambia Railway Authority (TAZARA) (2002)

Zimbabwe total: 3,077 km narrow gauge: 3,077 km 1.067-m gauge (313 km electrified) note: includes the 318 km Bulawayo-Beitbridge Railway Company line (2002)

This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003



======================================================================



@2122 Religions (%)

Afghanistan Sunni Muslim 84%, Shi'a Muslim 15%, other 1%

Albania Muslim 70%, Albanian Orthodox 20%, Roman Catholic 10% note: all mosques and churches were closed in 1967 and religious observances prohibited; in November 1990, Albania began allowing private religious practice

Algeria Sunni Muslim (state religion) 99%, Christian and Jewish 1%

American Samoa Christian Congregationalist 50%, Roman Catholic 20%, Protestant and other 30%

Andorra Roman Catholic (predominant)

Angola indigenous beliefs 47%, Roman Catholic 38%, Protestant 15% (1998 est.)

Anguilla Anglican 40%, Methodist 33%, Seventh-Day Adventist 7%, Baptist 5%, Roman Catholic 3%, other 12%

Antigua and Barbuda Christian, (predominantly Anglican with other Protestant, and some Roman Catholic)

Argentina nominally Roman Catholic 92% (less than 20% practicing), Protestant 2%, Jewish 2%, other 4%

Armenia Armenian Apostolic 94%, other Christian 4%, Yezidi (Zoroastrian/animist) 2%

Aruba Roman Catholic 82%, Protestant 8%, Hindu, Muslim, Confucian, Jewish

Australia Anglican 26.1%, Roman Catholic 26%, other Christian 24.3%, non-Christian 11%, other 12.6%

Austria Roman Catholic 78%, Protestant 5%, Muslim and other 17%

Azerbaijan Muslim 93.4%, Russian Orthodox 2.5%, Armenian Orthodox 2.3%, other 1.8% (1995 est.) note: religious affiliation is still nominal in Azerbaijan; percentages for actual practicing adherents are much lower

Bahamas, The Baptist 32%, Anglican 20%, Roman Catholic 19%, Methodist 6%, Church of God 6%, other Protestant 12%, none or unknown 3%, other 2%

Bahrain Shi'a Muslim 70%, Sunni Muslim 30%

Bangladesh Muslim 83%, Hindu 16%, other 1% (1998)

Barbados Protestant 67% (Anglican 40%, Pentecostal 8%, Methodist 7%, other 12%), Roman Catholic 4%, none 17%, other 12%

Belarus Eastern Orthodox 80%, other (including Roman Catholic, Protestant, Jewish, and Muslim) 20% (1997 est.)

Belgium Roman Catholic 75%, Protestant or other 25%

Belize Roman Catholic 49.6%, Protestant 27% (Anglican 5.3%, Methodist 3.5%, Mennonite 4.1%, Seventh-Day Adventist 5.2%, Pentecostal 7.4%, Jehovah's Witnesses 1.5%), none 9.4%, other 14% (2000)

Benin indigenous beliefs 50%, Christian 30%, Muslim 20%

Bermuda non-Anglican Protestant 39%, Anglican 27%, Roman Catholic 15%, other 19%

Bhutan Lamaistic Buddhist 75%, Indian- and Nepalese-influenced Hinduism 25%

Bolivia Roman Catholic 95%, Protestant (Evangelical Methodist)

Bosnia and Herzegovina Muslim 40%, Orthodox 31%, Roman Catholic 15%, Protestant 4%, other 10%

Botswana indigenous beliefs 85%, Christian 15%

Brazil Roman Catholic (nominal) 80%

British Virgin Islands Protestant 86% (Methodist 33%, Anglican 17%, Church of God 9%, Seventh-Day Adventist 6%, Baptist 4%, Jehovah's Witnesses 2%, other 15%), Roman Catholic 10%, none 2%, other 2% (1991)

Brunei Muslim (official) 67%, Buddhist 13%, Christian 10%, indigenous beliefs and other 10%

Bulgaria Bulgarian Orthodox 83.8%, Muslim 12.1%, Roman Catholic 1.7%, Jewish 0.1%, Protestant, Gregorian-Armenian, and other 2.3% (1998)

Burkina Faso indigenous beliefs 40%, Muslim 50%, Christian (mainly Roman Catholic) 10%

Burma Buddhist 89%, Christian 4% (Baptist 3%, Roman Catholic 1%), Muslim 4%, animist 1%, other 2%

Burundi Christian 67% (Roman Catholic 62%, Protestant 5%), indigenous beliefs 23%, Muslim 10%

Cambodia Theravada Buddhist 95%, other 5%

Cameroon indigenous beliefs 40%, Christian 40%, Muslim 20%

Canada Roman Catholic 46%, Protestant 36%, other 18% note: based on the 1991 census

Cape Verde Roman Catholic (infused with indigenous beliefs); Protestant (mostly Church of the Nazarene)

Cayman Islands United Church (Presbyterian and Congregational), Anglican, Baptist, Church of God, other Protestant, Roman Catholic

Central African Republic indigenous beliefs 35%, Protestant 25%, Roman Catholic 25%, Muslim 15% note: animistic beliefs and practices strongly influence the Christian majority

Chad Muslim 51%, Christian 35%, animist 7%, other 7%

Chile Roman Catholic 89%, Protestant 11%, Jewish NEGL%

China Daoist (Taoist), Buddhist, Muslim 1%-2%, Christian 3%-4% note: officially atheist (2002 est.)

Christmas Island Buddhist 36%, Muslim 25%, Christian 18%, other 21% (1997)

Cocos (Keeling) Islands Sunni Muslim 80%, other 20% (2002 est.)

Colombia Roman Catholic 90%

Comoros Sunni Muslim 98%, Roman Catholic 2%

Congo, Democratic Republic of the Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 20%, Kimbanguist 10%, Muslim 10%, other syncretic sects and indigenous beliefs 10%

Congo, Republic of the Christian 50%, animist 48%, Muslim 2%

Cook Islands Christian (majority of populace are members of the Cook Islands Christian Church)

Costa Rica Roman Catholic 76.3%, Evangelical 13.7%, Jehovah's Witnesses 1.3%, other Protestant 0.7%, other 4.8%, none 3.2%

Cote d'Ivoire Christian 20-30%, Muslim 35-40%, indigenous 25-40% (2001) note: the majority of foreigners (migratory workers) are Muslim (70%) and Christian (20%)

Croatia Roman Catholic 87.8%, Orthodox 4.4%, Muslim 1.3%, Protestant 0.3%, others and unknown 6.2% (2001)

Cuba nominally 85% Roman Catholic prior to CASTRO assuming power; Protestants, Jehovah's Witnesses, Jews, and Santeria are also represented

Cyprus Greek Orthodox 78%, Muslim 18%, Maronite, Armenian Apostolic, and other 4%

Czech Republic Roman Catholic 39.2%, Protestant 4.6%, Orthodox 3%, other 13.4%, atheist 39.8%

Denmark Evangelical Lutheran 95%, other Protestant and Roman Catholic 3%, Muslim 2%

Djibouti Muslim 94%, Christian 6%

Dominica Roman Catholic 77%, Protestant 15% (Methodist 5%, Pentecostal 3%, Seventh-Day Adventist 3%, Baptist 2%, other 2%), none 2%, other 6%

Dominican Republic Roman Catholic 95%

East Timor Roman Catholic 90%, Muslim 4%, Protestant 3%, Hindu 0.5%, Buddhist, Animist (1992 est.)

Ecuador Roman Catholic 95%

Egypt Muslim (mostly Sunni) 94%, Coptic Christian and other 6%

El Salvador Roman Catholic 83% note: there is extensive activity by Protestant groups throughout the country; by the end of 1992, there were an estimated 1 million Protestant evangelicals in El Salvador

Equatorial Guinea nominally Christian and predominantly Roman Catholic, pagan practices

Eritrea Muslim, Coptic Christian, Roman Catholic, Protestant

Estonia Evangelical Lutheran, Russian Orthodox, Estonian Orthodox, Baptist, Methodist, Seventh-Day Adventist, Roman Catholic, Pentecostal, Word of Life, Jewish

Ethiopia Muslim 45%-50%, Ethiopian Orthodox 35%-40%, animist 12%, other 3%-8%

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist

Faroe Islands Evangelical Lutheran

Fiji Christian 52% (Methodist 37%, Roman Catholic 9%), Hindu 38%, Muslim 8%, other 2% note: Fijians are mainly Christian, Indians are Hindu, and there is a Muslim minority (1986)

Finland Evangelical Lutheran 89%, Russian Orthodox 1%, none 9%, other 1%

France Roman Catholic 83%-88%, Protestant 2%, Jewish 1%, Muslim 5%-10%, unaffiliated 4%

French Guiana Roman Catholic

French Polynesia Protestant 54%, Roman Catholic 30%, other 10%, no religion 6%

Gabon Christian 55%-75%, animist, Muslim less than 1%

Gambia, The Muslim 90%, Christian 9%, indigenous beliefs 1%

Gaza Strip Muslim (predominantly Sunni) 98.7%, Christian 0.7%, Jewish 0.6%

Georgia Georgian Orthodox 65%, Muslim 11%, Russian Orthodox 10%, Armenian Apostolic 8%, unknown 6%

Germany Protestant 34%, Roman Catholic 34%, Muslim 3.7%, unaffiliated or other 28.3%

Ghana indigenous beliefs 21%, Muslim 16%, Christian 63%

Gibraltar Roman Catholic 76.9%, Church of England 6.9%, Muslim 6.9%, Jewish 2.3%, none or other 7% (1991)

Greece Greek Orthodox 98%, Muslim 1.3%, other 0.7%

Greenland Evangelical Lutheran

Grenada Roman Catholic 53%, Anglican 13.8%, other Protestant 33.2%

Guadeloupe Roman Catholic 95%, Hindu and pagan African 4%, Protestant 1%

Guam Roman Catholic 85%, other 15% (1999 est.)

Guatemala Roman Catholic, Protestant, indigenous Mayan beliefs

Guernsey Anglican, Roman Catholic, Presbyterian, Baptist, Congregational, Methodist

Guinea Muslim 85%, Christian 8%, indigenous beliefs 7%

Guinea-Bissau indigenous beliefs 50%, Muslim 45%, Christian 5%

Guyana Christian 50%, Hindu 35%, Muslim 10%, other 5%

Haiti Roman Catholic 80%, Protestant 16% (Baptist 10%, Pentecostal 4%, Adventist 1%, other 1%), none 1%, other 3% (1982) note: roughly half of the population also practices Voodoo

Holy See (Vatican City) Roman Catholic

Honduras Roman Catholic 97%, Protestant minority

Hong Kong eclectic mixture of local religions 90%, Christian 10%

Hungary Roman Catholic 67.5%, Calvinist 20%, Lutheran 5%, atheist and other 7.5%

Iceland Evangelical Lutheran 87.1%, other Protestant 4.1%, Roman Catholic 1.7%, other 7.1% (2002)

India Hindu 81.3%, Muslim 12%, Christian 2.3%, Sikh 1.9%, other groups including Buddhist, Jain, Parsi 2.5% (2000)

Indonesia Muslim 88%, Protestant 5%, Roman Catholic 3%, Hindu 2%, Buddhist 1%, other 1% (1998)

Iran Shi'a Muslim 89%, Sunni Muslim 10%, Zoroastrian, Jewish, Christian, and Baha'i 1%

Iraq Muslim 97% (Shi'a 60%-65%, Sunni 32%-37%), Christian or other 3%

Ireland Roman Catholic 91.6%, Church of Ireland 2.5%, other 5.9% (1998)

Israel Jewish 80.1%, Muslim 14.6% (mostly Sunni Muslim), Christian 2.1%, other 3.2% (1996 est.)

Italy predominately Roman Catholic with mature Protestant and Jewish communities and a growing Muslim immigrant community

Jamaica Protestant 61.3% (Church of God 21.2%, Baptist 8.8%, Anglican 5.5%, Seventh-Day Adventist 9%, Pentecostal 7.6%, Methodist 2.7%, United Church 2.7%, Brethren 1.1%, Jehovah's Witness 1.6%, Moravian 1.1%), Roman Catholic 4%, other, including some spiritual cults 34.7%

Japan observe both Shinto and Buddhist 84%, other 16% (including Christian 0.7%)

Jersey Anglican, Roman Catholic, Baptist, Congregational New Church, Methodist, Presbyterian

Jordan Sunni Muslim 92%, Christian 6% (majority Greek Orthodox, but some Greek and Roman Catholics, Syrian Orthodox, Coptic Orthodox, Armenian Orthodox, and Protestant denominations), other 2% (several small Shi'a Muslim and Druze populations) (2001 est.)

Kazakhstan Muslim 47%, Russian Orthodox 44%, Protestant 2%, other 7%

Kenya Protestant 45%, Roman Catholic 33%, indigenous beliefs 10%, Muslim 10%, other 2% note: a large majority of Kenyans are Christian, but estimates for the percentage of the population that adheres to Islam or indigenous beliefs vary widely

Kiribati Roman Catholic 52%, Protestant (Congregational) 40%, some Seventh-Day Adventist, Muslim, Baha'i, Latter-day Saints, and Church of God (1999)

Korea, North traditionally Buddhist and Confucianist, some Christian and syncretic Chondogyo (Religion of the Heavenly Way) note: autonomous religious activities now almost nonexistent; government-sponsored religious groups exist to provide illusion of religious freedom

Korea, South Christian 49%, Buddhist 47%, Confucianist 3%, Shamanist, Chondogyo (Religion of the Heavenly Way), and other 1%

Kuwait Muslim 85% (Sunni 70%, Shi'a 30%), Christian, Hindu, Parsi, and other 15%

Kyrgyzstan Muslim 75%, Russian Orthodox 20%, other 5%

Laos Buddhist 60%, animist and other 40% (including various Christian denominations 1.5%)

Latvia Lutheran, Roman Catholic, Russian Orthodox

Lebanon Muslim 70% (including Shi'a, Sunni, Druze, Isma'ilite, Alawite or Nusayri), Christian 30% (including Orthodox Christian, Catholic, Protestant), Jewish NEGL%

Lesotho Christian 80%, indigenous beliefs 20%

Liberia indigenous beliefs 40%, Christian 40%, Muslim 20%

Libya Sunni Muslim 97%

Liechtenstein Roman Catholic 76.2%, Protestant 7%, unknown 10.6%, other 6.2% (June 2002)

Lithuania Roman Catholic (primarily), Lutheran, Russian Orthodox, Protestant, Evangelical Christian Baptist, Muslim, Jewish

Luxembourg 87% Roman Catholic, 13% Protestants, Jews, and Muslims (2000)

Macau Buddhist 50%, Roman Catholic 15%, none and other 35% (1997 est.)

Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonian Orthodox 67%, Muslim 30%, other 3%

Madagascar indigenous beliefs 52%, Christian 41%, Muslim 7%

Malawi Protestant 55%, Roman Catholic 20%, Muslim 20%, indigenous beliefs 3%, other 2%

Malaysia Muslim, Buddhist, Daoist, Hindu, Christian, Sikh; note - in addition, Shamanism is practiced in East Malaysia

Maldives Sunni Muslim

Mali Muslim 90%, indigenous beliefs 9%, Christian 1%

Malta Roman Catholic 98%

Man, Isle of Anglican, Roman Catholic, Methodist, Baptist, Presbyterian, Society of Friends

Marshall Islands Christian (mostly Protestant)

Martinique Roman Catholic 85%, Protestant 10.5%, Muslim 0.5%, Hindu 0.5%, other 3.5% (1997)

Mauritania Muslim 100%

Mauritius Hindu 52%, Christian 28.3% (Roman Catholic 26%, Protestant 2.3%), Muslim 16.6%, other 3.1%

Mayotte Muslim 97%, Christian (mostly Roman Catholic)

Mexico nominally Roman Catholic 89%, Protestant 6%, other 5%

Micronesia, Federated States of Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 47%

Moldova Eastern Orthodox 98%, Jewish 1.5%, Baptist and other 0.5% (2000)

Monaco Roman Catholic 90%

Mongolia Tibetan Buddhist Lamaism 96%, Muslim (primarily in the southwest), Shamanism, and Christian 4% (1998)

Montserrat Anglican, Methodist, Roman Catholic, Pentecostal, Seventh-Day Adventist, other Christian denominations

Morocco Muslim 98.7%, Christian 1.1%, Jewish 0.2%

Mozambique indigenous beliefs 50%, Christian 30%, Muslim 20%

Namibia Christian 80% to 90% (Lutheran 50% at least), indigenous beliefs 10% to 20%

Nauru Christian (two-thirds Protestant, one-third Roman Catholic)

Nepal Hinduism 86.2%, Buddhism 7.8%, Islam 3.8%, other 2.2% note: only official Hindu state in the world (1995)

Netherlands Roman Catholic 31%, Protestant 21%, Muslim 4.4%, other 3.6%, unaffiliated 40% (1998)

Netherlands Antilles Roman Catholic, Protestant, Jewish, Seventh-Day Adventist

New Caledonia Roman Catholic 60%, Protestant 30%, other 10%

New Zealand Anglican 24%, Presbyterian 18%, Roman Catholic 15%, Methodist 5%, Baptist 2%, other Protestant 3%, unspecified or none 33% (1986)

Nicaragua Roman Catholic 85%, Protestant

Niger Muslim 80%, remainder indigenous beliefs and Christian

Nigeria Muslim 50%, Christian 40%, indigenous beliefs 10%

Niue Ekalesia Niue (Niuean Church - a Protestant church closely related to the London Missionary Society) 75%, Latter-Day Saints 10%, other 15% (mostly Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witnesses, Seventh-Day Adventist)

Norfolk Island Anglican 37.4%, Uniting Church in Australia 14.5%, Roman Catholic 11.5%, Seventh-Day Adventist 3.1%, none 12.2%, unknown 17.4%, other 3.9% (1996)

Northern Mariana Islands Christian (Roman Catholic majority, although traditional beliefs and taboos may still be found)

Norway Evangelical Lutheran 86% (state church), other Protestant and Roman Catholic 3%, other 1%, none and unknown 10% (1997)

Oman Ibadhi Muslim 75%, Sunni Muslim, Shi'a Muslim, Hindu

Pakistan Muslim 97% (Sunni 77%, Shi'a 20%), Christian, Hindu, and other 3%

Palau Christian (Roman Catholics 49%, Seventh-Day Adventists, Jehovah's Witnesses, the Assembly of God, the Liebenzell Mission, and Latter-Day Saints), Modekngei religion (one-third of the population observes this religion, which is indigenous to Palau)

Panama Roman Catholic 85%, Protestant 15%

Papua New Guinea Roman Catholic 22%, Lutheran 16%, Presbyterian/Methodist/London Missionary Society 8%, Anglican 5%, Evangelical Alliance 4%, Seventh-Day Adventist 1%, other Protestant 10%, indigenous beliefs 34%

Paraguay Roman Catholic 90%, Mennonite, and other Protestant

Peru Roman Catholic 90%

Philippines Roman Catholic 83%, Protestant 9%, Muslim 5%, Buddhist and other 3%

Pitcairn Islands Seventh-Day Adventist 100%

Poland Roman Catholic 95% (about 75% practicing), Eastern Orthodox, Protestant, and other 5%

Portugal Roman Catholic 94%, Protestant (1995)

Puerto Rico Roman Catholic 85%, Protestant and other 15%

Qatar Muslim 95%

Reunion Roman Catholic 86%, Hindu, Muslim, Buddhist (1995)

Romania Eastern Orthodox (including all sub-denominations) 87%, Protestant 6.8%, Catholic 5.6%, other (mostly Muslim) 0.4%, unaffiliated 0.2% (2002)

Russia Russian Orthodox, Muslim, other

Rwanda Roman Catholic 56.5%, Protestant 26%, Adventist 11.1%, Muslim 4.6%, indigenous beliefs 0.1%, none 1.7% (2001)

Saint Helena Anglican (majority), Baptist, Seventh-Day Adventist, Roman Catholic

Saint Kitts and Nevis Anglican, other Protestant, Roman Catholic

Saint Lucia Roman Catholic 90%, Anglican 3%, other Protestant 7%

Saint Pierre and Miquelon Roman Catholic 99%

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Anglican 47%, Methodist 28%, Roman Catholic 13%, Hindu Seventh-Day Adventist, other Protestant

Samoa Christian 99.7% (about one-half of population associated with the London Missionary Society; includes Congregational, Roman Catholic, Methodist, Latter-Day Saints, Seventh-Day Adventist)

San Marino Roman Catholic

Sao Tome and Principe Christian 80% (Roman Catholic, Evangelical Protestant, Seventh-Day Adventist)

Saudi Arabia Muslim 100%

Senegal Muslim 94%, indigenous beliefs 1%, Christian 5% (mostly Roman Catholic)

Serbia and Montenegro Orthodox 65%, Muslim 19%, Roman Catholic 4%, Protestant 1%, other 11%

Seychelles Roman Catholic 86.6%, Anglican 6.8%, other Christian 2.5%, other 4.1%

Sierra Leone Muslim 60%, indigenous beliefs 30%, Christian 10%

Singapore Buddhist (Chinese), Muslim (Malays), Christian, Hindu, Sikh, Taoist, Confucianist

Slovakia Roman Catholic 60.3%, atheist 9.7%, Protestant 8.4%, Orthodox 4.1%, other 17.5%

Slovenia Roman Catholic (Uniate 2%) 70.8%, Lutheran 1%, Muslim 1%, atheist 4.3%, other 22.9%

Solomon Islands Anglican 45%, Roman Catholic 18%, United (Methodist/Presbyterian) 12%, Baptist 9%, Seventh-Day Adventist 7%, other Protestant 5%, indigenous beliefs 4%

Somalia Sunni Muslim

South Africa Christian 68% (includes most whites and Coloreds, about 60% of blacks and about 40% of Indians), Muslim 2%, Hindu 1.5% (60% of Indians), indigenous beliefs and animist 28.5%

Spain Roman Catholic 94%, other 6%

Sri Lanka Buddhist 70%, Hindu 15%, Christian 8%, Muslim 7% (1999)

Sudan Sunni Muslim 70% (in north), indigenous beliefs 25%, Christian 5% (mostly in south and Khartoum)

Suriname Hindu 27.4%, Muslim 19.6%, Roman Catholic 22.8%, Protestant 25.2% (predominantly Moravian), indigenous beliefs 5%

Swaziland Zionist (a blend of Christianity and indigenous ancestral worship) 40%, Roman Catholic 20%, Muslim 10%, Anglican, Bahai, Methodist, Mormon, Jewish and other 30%

Sweden Lutheran 87%, Roman Catholic, Orthodox, Baptist, Muslim, Jewish, Buddhist

Switzerland Roman Catholic 46.1%, Protestant 40%, other 5%, none 8.9% (1990)

Syria Sunni Muslim 74%, Alawite, Druze, and other Muslim sects 16%, Christian (various sects) 10%, Jewish (tiny communities in Damascus, Al Qamishli, and Aleppo)

Taiwan mixture of Buddhist, Confucian, and Taoist 93%, Christian 4.5%, other 2.5%

Tajikistan Sunni Muslim 85%, Shi'a Muslim 5%

Tanzania mainland - Christian 30%, Muslim 35%, indigenous beliefs 35%; Zanzibar - more than 99% Muslim

Thailand Buddhism 95%, Muslim 3.8%, Christianity 0.5%, Hinduism 0.1%, other 0.6% (1991)

Togo indigenous beliefs 51%, Christian 29%, Muslim 20%

Tokelau Congregational Christian Church 70%, Roman Catholic 28%, other 2% note: on Atafu, all Congregational Christian Church of Samoa; on Nukunonu, all Roman Catholic; on Fakaofo, both denominations, with the Congregational Christian Church predominant

Tonga Christian (Free Wesleyan Church claims over 30,000 adherents)

Trinidad and Tobago Roman Catholic 29.4%, Hindu 23.8%, Anglican 10.9%, Muslim 5.8%, Presbyterian 3.4%, other 26.7%

Tunisia Muslim 98%, Christian 1%, Jewish and other 1%

Turkey Muslim 99.8% (mostly Sunni), other 0.2% (mostly Christians and Jews)

Turkmenistan Muslim 89%, Eastern Orthodox 9%, unknown 2%

Turks and Caicos Islands Baptist 40%, Methodist 16%, Anglican 18%, Church of God 12%, other 14% (1990)

Tuvalu Church of Tuvalu (Congregationalist) 97%, Seventh-Day Adventist 1.4%, Baha'i 1%, other 0.6%

Uganda Roman Catholic 33%, Protestant 33%, Muslim 16%, indigenous beliefs 18%

Ukraine Ukrainian Orthodox - Moscow Patriarchate, Ukrainian Orthodox - Kiev Patriarchate, Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox, Ukrainian Catholic (Uniate), Protestant, Jewish

United Arab Emirates Muslim 96% (Shi'a 16%), Christian, Hindu, and other 4%

United Kingdom Anglican and Roman Catholic 40 million, Muslim 1.5 million, Presbyterian 800,000, Methodist 760,000, Sikh 500,000, Hindu 500,000, Jewish 350,000

United States Protestant 56%, Roman Catholic 28%, Jewish 2%, other 4%, none 10% (1989)

Uruguay Roman Catholic 66% (less than half of the adult population attends church regularly), Protestant 2%, Jewish 1%, nonprofessing or other 31%

Uzbekistan Muslim 88% (mostly Sunnis), Eastern Orthodox 9%, other 3%

Vanuatu Presbyterian 36.7%, Anglican 15%, Roman Catholic 15%, indigenous beliefs 7.6%, Seventh-Day Adventist 6.2%, Church of Christ 3.8%, other 15.7% (including Jon Frum Cargo cult)

Venezuela nominally Roman Catholic 96%, Protestant 2%, other 2%

Vietnam Buddhist, Hoa Hao, Cao Dai, Christian (predominantly Roman Catholic, some Protestant), indigenous beliefs, Muslim

Virgin Islands Baptist 42%, Roman Catholic 34%, Episcopalian 17%, other 7%

Wallis and Futuna Roman Catholic 99%, other 1%

West Bank Muslim 75% (predominantly Sunni), Jewish 17%, Christian and other 8%

Western Sahara Muslim

World Christians 32.79% (of which Roman Catholics 17.33%, Protestants 5.62%, Orthodox 3.51%, Anglicans 1.31%), Muslims 19.6%, Hindus 13.31%, Buddhists 5.88%, Sikhs 0.38%, Jews 0.24%, other religions 12.83%, non-religious 12.53%, atheists 2.44% (2001 est.)

Yemen Muslim including Shaf'i (Sunni) and Zaydi (Shi'a), small numbers of Jewish, Christian, and Hindu

Zambia Christian 50%-75%, Muslim and Hindu 24%-49%, indigenous beliefs 1%

Zimbabwe syncretic (part Christian, part indigenous beliefs) 50%, Christian 25%, indigenous beliefs 24%, Muslim and other 1%

This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003



======================================================================



@2123 Suffrage

Afghanistan NA; previously males 15-50 years of age

Albania 18 years of age; universal and compulsory

Algeria 18 years of age; universal

American Samoa 18 years of age; universal

Andorra 18 years of age; universal

Angola 18 years of age; universal

Anguilla 18 years of age; universal

Antigua and Barbuda 18 years of age; universal

Argentina 18 years of age; universal and mandatory

Armenia 18 years of age; universal

Aruba 18 years of age; universal

Australia 18 years of age; universal and compulsory

Austria 18 years of age; universal; compulsory for presidential elections

Azerbaijan 18 years of age; universal

Bahamas, The 18 years of age; universal

Bahrain 18 years of age; universal

Bangladesh 18 years of age; universal

Barbados 18 years of age; universal

Belarus 18 years of age; universal

Belgium 18 years of age; universal and compulsory

Belize 18 years of age; universal

Benin 18 years of age; universal

Bermuda 18 years of age; universal

Bhutan each family has one vote in village-level elections

Bolivia 18 years of age, universal and compulsory (married); 21 years of age, universal and compulsory (single)

Bosnia and Herzegovina 16 years of age, if employed; 18 years of age, universal

Botswana 18 years of age; universal

Brazil voluntary between 16 and 18 years of age and over 70; compulsory over 18 and under 70 years of age

British Virgin Islands 18 years of age; universal

Brunei none

Bulgaria 18 years of age; universal

Burkina Faso universal

Burma 18 years of age; universal

Burundi NA years of age; universal adult

Cambodia 18 years of age; universal

Cameroon 20 years of age; universal

Canada 18 years of age; universal

Cape Verde 18 years of age; universal

Cayman Islands 18 years of age; universal

Central African Republic 21 years of age; universal

Chad 18 years of age; universal

Chile 18 years of age; universal and compulsory

China 18 years of age; universal

Cocos (Keeling) Islands NA

Colombia 18 years of age; universal

Comoros 18 years of age; universal

Congo, Democratic Republic of the 18 years of age; universal and compulsory

Congo, Republic of the 18 years of age; universal

Cook Islands NA years of age; universal adult

Costa Rica 18 years of age; universal and compulsory

Cote d'Ivoire 18 years of age; universal

Croatia 18 years of age; universal (16 years of age, if employed)

Cuba 16 years of age; universal

Cyprus 18 years of age; universal

Czech Republic 18 years of age; universal

Denmark 18 years of age; universal

Djibouti 18 years of age; universal adult

Dominica 18 years of age; universal

Dominican Republic 18 years of age, universal and compulsory; married persons regardless of age note: members of the armed forces and police cannot vote

East Timor 17 years of age; universal

Ecuador 18 years of age; universal, compulsory for literate persons ages 18-65, optional for other eligible voters

Egypt 18 years of age; universal and compulsory

El Salvador 18 years of age; universal

Equatorial Guinea 18 years of age; universal adult

Eritrea 18 years of age; universal

Estonia 18 years of age; universal for all Estonian citizens

Ethiopia 18 years of age; universal

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) 18 years of age; universal

Faroe Islands 18 years of age; universal

Fiji 21 years of age; universal

Finland 18 years of age; universal

France 18 years of age; universal

French Guiana 18 years of age; universal

French Polynesia 18 years of age; universal

Gabon 21 years of age; universal

Gambia, The 18 years of age; universal

Georgia 18 years of age; universal

Germany 18 years of age; universal

Ghana 18 years of age; universal

Gibraltar 18 years of age; universal, plus other UK subjects who have been residents six months or more

Greece 18 years of age; universal and compulsory

Greenland 18 years of age; universal

Grenada 18 years of age; universal

Guadeloupe 18 years of age; universal

Guam 18 years of age; universal; US citizens, but do not vote in US presidential elections

Guatemala 18 years of age; universal (active duty members of the armed forces may not vote and are restricted to their barracks on election day)

Guernsey 18 years of age; universal

Guinea 18 years of age; universal

Guinea-Bissau 18 years of age; universal

Guyana 18 years of age; universal

Haiti 18 years of age; universal

Holy See (Vatican City) limited to cardinals less than 80 years old

Honduras 18 years of age; universal and compulsory

Hong Kong direct election 18 years of age; universal for permanent residents living in the territory of Hong Kong for the past seven years; indirect election limited to about 100,000 members of functional constituencies and an 800-member election committee drawn from broad regional groupings, municipal organizations, and central government bodies

Hungary 18 years of age; universal

Iceland 18 years of age; universal

India 18 years of age; universal

Indonesia 17 years of age; universal and married persons regardless of age

Iran 15 years of age; universal

Iraq formerly 18 years of age; universal; note - in transition following April 2003 defeat of SADDAM Husayn regime by US-led coalition

Ireland 18 years of age; universal

Israel 18 years of age; universal

Italy 18 years of age; universal (except in senatorial elections, where minimum age is 25)

Jamaica 18 years of age; universal

Japan 20 years of age; universal

Jersey NA years of age; universal adult

Jordan 18 years of age; universal

Kazakhstan 18 years of age; universal

Kenya 18 years of age; universal

Kiribati 18 years of age; universal

Korea, North 17 years of age; universal

Korea, South 20 years of age; universal

Kuwait adult males who have been naturalized for 30 years or more or have resided in Kuwait since before 1920 and their male descendants at age 21 note: only 10% of all citizens are eligible to vote; in 1996, naturalized citizens who do not meet the pre-1920 qualification but have been naturalized for 30 years were eligible to vote for the first time

Kyrgyzstan 18 years of age; universal

Laos 18 years of age; universal

Latvia 18 years of age; universal for Latvian citizens

Lebanon 21 years of age; compulsory for all males; authorized for women at age 21 with elementary education

Lesotho 18 years of age; universal

Liberia 18 years of age; universal

Libya 18 years of age; universal and compulsory

Liechtenstein 18 years of age; universal

Lithuania 18 years of age; universal

Luxembourg 18 years of age; universal and compulsory

Macau direct election 18 years of age, universal for permanent residents living in Macau for the past seven years; indirect election limited to organizations registered as "corporate voters" (257 are currently registered) and a 300-member Election Committee drawn from broad regional groupings, municipal organizations, and central government bodies

Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of 18 years of age; universal

Madagascar 18 years of age; universal

Malawi 18 years of age; universal

Malaysia 21 years of age; universal

Maldives 21 years of age; universal

Mali 18 years of age; universal

Malta 18 years of age; universal

Man, Isle of 18 years of age; universal

Marshall Islands 18 years of age; universal

Martinique 18 years of age; universal

Mauritania 18 years of age; universal

Mauritius 18 years of age; universal

Mayotte 18 years of age; universal

Mexico 18 years of age; universal and compulsory (but not enforced)

Micronesia, Federated States of 18 years of age; universal

Moldova 18 years of age; universal

Monaco 21 years of age; universal

Mongolia 18 years of age; universal

Montserrat 18 years of age; universal

Morocco 18 years of age; universal (as of January 2003)

Mozambique 18 years of age; universal

Namibia 18 years of age; universal

Nauru 20 years of age; universal and compulsory

Nepal 18 years of age; universal

Netherlands 18 years of age; universal

Netherlands Antilles 18 years of age; universal

New Caledonia 18 years of age; universal

New Zealand 18 years of age; universal

Nicaragua 16 years of age; universal

Niger 18 years of age; universal

Nigeria 18 years of age; universal

Niue 18 years of age; universal

Norfolk Island 18 years of age; universal

Northern Mariana Islands 18 years of age; universal; indigenous inhabitants are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections

Norway 18 years of age; universal

Oman in Oman's most recent elections in 2000, limited to approximately 175,000 Omanis chosen by the government to vote in elections for the Majlis al-Shura

Pakistan 18 years of age; universal; joint electorates and reserved parliamentary seats for women and non-Muslims

Palau 18 years of age; universal

Panama 18 years of age; universal and compulsory

Papua New Guinea 18 years of age; universal

Paraguay 18 years of age; universal and compulsory up to age 75

Peru 18 years of age; universal

Philippines 18 years of age; universal

Pitcairn Islands 18 years of age; universal with three years residency

Poland 18 years of age; universal

Portugal 18 years of age; universal

Puerto Rico 18 years of age; universal; indigenous inhabitants are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections

Qatar 18 years of age; universal

Reunion 18 years of age; universal

Romania 18 years of age; universal

Russia 18 years of age; universal

Rwanda 18 years of age; universal adult

Saint Helena NA years of age

Saint Kitts and Nevis 18 years of age; universal

Saint Lucia 18 years of age; universal

Saint Pierre and Miquelon 18 years of age; universal

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 18 years of age; universal

Samoa 21 years of age; universal

San Marino 18 years of age; universal

Sao Tome and Principe 18 years of age; universal

Saudi Arabia none

Senegal 18 years of age; universal

Serbia and Montenegro 16 years of age, if employed; 18 years of age, universal

Seychelles 17 years of age; universal

Sierra Leone 18 years of age; universal

Singapore 21 years of age; universal and compulsory

Slovakia 18 years of age; universal

Slovenia 18 years of age; universal (16 years of age, if employed)

Solomon Islands 21 years of age; universal

Somalia 18 years of age; universal

South Africa 18 years of age; universal

Spain 18 years of age; universal

Sri Lanka 18 years of age; universal

Sudan 17 years of age; universal, but noncompulsory

Suriname 18 years of age; universal

Swaziland 18 years of age

Sweden 18 years of age; universal

Switzerland 18 years of age; universal

Syria 18 years of age; universal

Taiwan 20 years of age; universal

Tajikistan 18 years of age; universal

Tanzania 18 years of age; universal

Thailand 18 years of age; universal and compulsory

Togo NA years of age; universal adult

Tokelau 21 years of age; universal

Tonga 21 years of age; universal

Trinidad and Tobago 18 years of age; universal

Tunisia 20 years of age; universal

Turkey 18 years of age; universal

Turkmenistan 18 years of age; universal

Turks and Caicos Islands 18 years of age; universal

Tuvalu 18 years of age; universal

Uganda 18 years of age; universal

Ukraine 18 years of age; universal

United Arab Emirates none

United Kingdom 18 years of age; universal

United States 18 years of age; universal

Uruguay 18 years of age; universal and compulsory

Uzbekistan 18 years of age; universal

Vanuatu 18 years of age; universal

Venezuela 18 years of age; universal

Vietnam 18 years of age; universal

Virgin Islands 18 years of age; universal; note - indigenous inhabitants are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections

Wallis and Futuna 18 years of age; universal

Western Sahara none; a UN-sponsored voter identification campaign not yet completed

Yemen 18 years of age; universal

Zambia 18 years of age; universal

Zimbabwe 18 years of age; universal

This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003



======================================================================



@2124 Telephone system

Afghanistan general assessment: very limited telephone and telegraph service domestic: in 1997, telecommunications links were established between Mazar-e Sharif, Herat, Kandahar, Jalalabad, and Kabul through satellite and microwave systems international: satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) linked only to Iran and 1 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean region); commercial satellite telephone center in Ghazni

Albania general assessment: Albania has the poorest telephone service in Europe with fewer than two telephones per 100 inhabitants; it is doubtful that every village has telephone service domestic: obsolete wire system; no longer provides a telephone for every village; in 1992, following the fall of the Communist government, peasants cut the wire to about 1,000 villages and used it to build fences international: inadequate; international traffic carried by microwave radio relay from the Tirana exchange to Italy and Greece

Algeria general assessment: telephone density in Algeria is very low, not exceeding five telephones per 100 persons; the number of fixed main lines increased in the last few years to a little more than 2,000,000, but only about two-thirds of these have subscribers; much of the infrastructure is outdated and inefficient domestic: good service in north but sparse in south; domestic satellite system with 12 earth stations (20 additional domestic earth stations are planned) international: 5 submarine cables; microwave radio relay to Italy, France, Spain, Morocco, and Tunisia; coaxial cable to Morocco and Tunisia; participant in Medarabtel; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean), 1 Intersputnik, and 1 Arabsat (1998)

American Samoa general assessment: NA domestic: good telex, telegraph, facsimile and cellular telephone services; domestic satellite system with 1 Comsat earth station international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)

Andorra general assessment: NA domestic: modern system with microwave radio relay connections between exchanges international: landline circuits to France and Spain

Angola general assessment: telephone service limited mostly to government and business use; HF radiotelephone used extensively for military links domestic: limited system of wire, microwave radio relay, and tropospheric scatter international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)

Anguilla general assessment: NA domestic: modern internal telephone system international: microwave radio relay to island of Saint Martin (Guadeloupe and Netherlands Antilles)

Antarctica general assessment: local systems at some research stations domestic: NA international: via satellite from some research stations

Antigua and Barbuda general assessment: NA domestic: good automatic telephone system international: 1 coaxial submarine cable; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); tropospheric scatter to Saba (Netherlands Antilles) and Guadeloupe

Argentina general assessment: by opening the telecommunications market to competition and foreign investment with the "Telecommunications Liberalization Plan of 1998," Argentina encouraged the growth of modern telecommunication technology; fiber-optic cable trunk lines are being installed between all major cities; the major networks are entirely digital and the availability of telephone service is being improved; however, telephone density is presently minimal, and making telephone service universally available will take time domestic: microwave radio relay, fiber-optic cable, and a domestic satellite system with 40 earth stations serve the trunk network; more than 110,000 pay telephones are installed and mobile telephone use is rapidly expanding international: satellite earth stations - 8 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); Atlantis II and Unisur submarine cables; two international gateways near Buenos Aires (1999)

Armenia general assessment: system inadequate; now 90% privately owned and undergoing modernization and expansion domestic: the majority of subscribers and the most modern equipment are in Yerevan (this includes paging and mobile cellular service) international: Yerevan is connected to the Trans-Asia-Europe fiber-optic cable through Iran; additional international service is available by microwave radio relay and landline connections to the other countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States and through the Moscow international switch and by satellite to the rest of the world; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (2000)

Aruba general assessment: NA domestic: more than adequate international: 1 submarine cable to Sint Maarten (Netherlands Antilles); extensive interisland microwave radio relay links

Australia general assessment: excellent domestic and international service domestic: domestic satellite system; much use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density; rapid growth of mobile cellular telephones international: submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia; satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat (Indian and Pacific Ocean regions) (1998)

Austria general assessment: highly developed and efficient domestic: there are 48 main lines for every 100 persons; the fiber optic net is very extensive; all telephone applications and Internet services are available international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 1 Eutelsat; in addition, there are about 600 VSAT (very small aperture terminals) (2002)

Azerbaijan general assessment: inadequate; requires considerable expansion and modernization; teledensity of 10 main lines per 100 persons is low (2002) domestic: the majority of telephones are in Baku and other industrial centers - about 700 villages still without public telephone service; satellite service connects Baku to a modern switch in its exclave of Naxcivan international: the old Soviet system of cable and microwave is still serviceable; a satellite connection to Turkey enables Baku to reach about 200 additional countries, some of which are directly connected to Baku by satellite providers other than Turkey (1997)

Bahamas, The general assessment: modern facilities domestic: totally automatic system; highly developed international: tropospheric scatter and submarine cable to Florida; 3 coaxial submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (1997)

Bahrain general assessment: modern system domestic: modern fiber-optic integrated services; digital network with rapidly growing use of mobile cellular telephones international: tropospheric scatter to Qatar and UAE; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia; submarine cable to Qatar, UAE, and Saudi Arabia; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat (1997)