'Balmoral: May 30, 1878.

'DEAR LADY RUSSELL,—It was only yesterday afternoon that I heard through the papers that your dear husband had left this world of sorrows and trials peacefully and full of years the night before, or I would have telegraphed and written sooner. You will believe that I truly regret an old friend of forty years' standing, and whose personal kindness in trying and anxious times I shall ever remember. "Lord John," as I knew him best, was one of my first and most distinguished Ministers, and his departure recalls many eventful times.

'To you, dear Lady Russell, who were ever one of the most devoted of wives, this must be a terrible blow, though you must have for some time been prepared for it. But one is never prepared for the blow when it comes, and you have had such trials and sorrows of late years that I most truly sympathise with you. Your dear and devoted daughter will, I know, be the greatest possible comfort to you, and I trust that your grandsons will grow up to be all you could wish.

'Believe me always, yours affectionately, 'VICTORIA R. AND I.'



[Sidenote: HIS GREAT QUALITIES]

Lord Shaftesbury wrote in his journal some words about Lord Russell which speak for themselves. After recording that he had reached the ripe age of eighty-six, and that he had been a conspicuous man for more than half a century, he added that to have 'begun with disapprobation, to have fought through many difficulties, to have announced, and acted on, principles new to the day in which he lived, to have filled many important offices, to have made many speeches, and written many books, and in his whole course to have done much with credit, and nothing with dishonour, and so to have sustained and advanced his reputation to the very end, is a mighty commendation.'

When some one told Sir Stafford Northcote that Lord John was dead, the tidings were accompanied by the trite but sympathetic comment, 'Poor Lord Russell!' 'Why do you call him poor?' was the quick retort. 'Lord Russell had the chance of doing a great work and—he did it.'

Lord John was not faultless, and most assuredly he was not infallible. He made mistakes, and sometimes was inclined to pay too little heed to the claims of others, and not to weigh with sufficient care the force of his own impetuous words. The taunt of 'finality' has seldom been less deserved. In most directions he kept an open mind, and seems, like Coleridge, to have believed that an error is sometimes the shadow of a great truth yet behind the horizon. Mr. Gladstone asserts that his old chief was always ready to stand in the post of difficulty, and possessed an inexhaustible sympathy with human suffering.

It is at least certain that Lord John Russell served England—the country whose freedom, he once declared, he 'worshipped'—with unwearied devotion, with a high sense of honour, with a courage which never faltered, with an integrity which has never been impeached. He followed duty to the utmost verge of life, and—full himself of moral susceptibility—he reverenced the conscience of every man.

FOOTNOTES:

[44] History of the War in the Crimea, by A. W, Kinglake, vol. ii. sixth edition, pp. 249-50.

Lady Russell states that Lord John used to smile at Kinglake's rhetorical exaggeration of the scene. Her impression is that only two of the Cabinet, and not, as the historian puts it, 'all but a small minority,' fell asleep. The Duke of Argyll or Mr. Gladstone can alone settle the point at issue.

[45] Amongst those who assembled in the drawing-room of Pembroke Lodge on that historic occasion were Mr. Henry Richard, M.P., Mr. Samuel Morley, M.P., Mr. Edward Baines, Sir Charles Reed, Mr. Carvell Williams, M.P., who came on behalf of the Protestant Dissenting Deputies. The Congregationalists were represented by such men as the Rev. Baldwin Brown and the Rev. Guinness Rogers; the Baptists by Dr. Underhill; the Presbyterians by Dr. McEwan; and the Unitarians by Mr. Middleton Aspland.



INDEX

ABERCROMBY, Mr., 103

Aberdeen, Lord, Foreign Secretary in Peel's Cabinet, 125; and the repeal of the Corn Laws, 132; forms the Coalition Government, 203, 206; early political life and characteristics, 209; and the Secret Memorandum, 216, 225; friendly relations with the Emperor Nicholas, 217, 233; belief in the peaceful intentions of Russia, 225, 231; vacillation on the eve of the Crimean War, 229, 234; public prejudice against him, 233; home policy, 240; fall of his Government, 257; relations with Lord John Russell, 346, 347

Adelaide, Queen, 82, 83

'Adullamites,' 329

Afghanistan, invasion of, 121, 170

'Alabama' Case, the, 312-319

Albert, Prince, and Lord Palmerston, 177; letter on the defeat of the Turks at Sinope, 232; and Count Buol's scheme, 261; letter on the position of affairs in the Crimea, 263; death, and characteristics, 308, 309; last official act, 310

Alexander II., 259, 321

Alien Acts, the, 27

All the Talents, Ministry of, 63, 64

Alma, the battle of, 246

Althorp, Lord, 48, 56, 67, 79; and his part in carrying the Reform Bill, 81, 82, 87; characteristics, 81, 82, 88, 92; introduces the Poor Law Amendment Act (Ireland), 93, 96; and the Coercion Act, 96; succeeds to the Peerage as Earl Spencer, 100. See also Spencer, Lord

Amberley, Viscount, 356

America, war between England and, 21, 22; Napoleon's opinion of the war, 31; and the 'Trent' affair, 310-312; Civil War, 310, 313; and the Alabama Case, 312-319

Anti-Corn-Law League, its founding 121, 126, 131

Argyll, Duke of, 295, 327

Armenia, massacres in, 269, 353

Arms Bill, 146, 147; of 1847, 154

Auckland, Lord, 96

Austria, revolt in Vienna of 1848, 171; and the retention of Lombardy and Venice, 172, 300; and the Vienna Note, 227; and the Crimean War, 243; proposed alliance with England and France to defend the integrity of Turkey, 261; her power in Italy, 300; campaign against France and Italy, and battles of Magenta and Solferino, 302, 303; and the peace of Villafranca, 303

BAGEHOT, Walter, 86, 323

Ballot, the: Grote's attempts to introduce a bill, 90, 111

Bathurst, Lord, 50

Bedford, fourth Duke of, his 'Correspondence' edited by Lord John Russell, 278

— Francis, fifth Duke of, 3

— sixth Duke of, father of Lord John Russell, 3; opinion of English Universities, 11, 16; encouragement given to Lord John in political training, 14, 36; characteristics, 16; and Lord John's leadership of the Opposition, 103; and Joseph Lancaster, 115

— seventh Duke of, 202

— first Earl of, 2

Belgium: the question of its independence, 172, 340, 341

Bentinck, Lord George, 138, 140, 141, 150, 160, 201

Bessborough, Lord, 146, 151

Birmingham, unrepresented in the House of Commons, 23, 38, 51, 60, 71; great meeting on the Reform question at, 79, 296

Bismarck, Count, 321-323

Blandford, Lord, 59

Blessington, Lady, 42

Blomfield, Bishop, 115

Bradlaugh, Mr., 332

Bribery and corruption before the era of Reform, 23, 61; Lord John Russell's resolutions for the discovery and punishment of, 43

Bridgeman, Mr. George (afterwards Earl of Bradford), 16, 18, 20

Bright, John, on the influences at work in the repeal of the Corn Laws, 130, 131; on disaffection in Ireland, and the Arms Bill, 155, 156, 202, 206, 208, 287; relations with Lord John Russell, 294, 329; and the 'Adullamites,' 329

Brougham, Lord, 56, 67; and the Reform Bill cry, 74; speech on the second Reform Bill, 78, 83; opinion of Lord John Russell, 110

Buccleuch, Duke of, 134, 136

Bulgaria, massacres in, 269, 352

Bulwer, Sir H., 174

Buol, Count, 261, 263

Burdett, Sir Francis, 25, 26; his motion for universal suffrage, 35; 70

Buxton, Thomas Fowell, 89

Byng, Hon. Georgiana, 3

CAMELFORD, 40

Campbell, Lord, 157

Canada: the rebellion, 110; Earl of Durham appointed Governor-General, 110

Canning, Mr., 43; his Ministry, 50; death, 51

Capital crimes, 107

Cardwell, Mr., 290

Carlisle, Earl of, 96

Carlyle, Thomas, and the Chartists, 166, 167, 358, 362

Caroline, Queen, proceedings against, 41

Cartwright, Dr., 5

Cartwright, Major, 5, 25, 26, 38, 39

Cassiobury, 36, 112

Castlereagh, Lord, 21, 40, 63

Catholics: political restrictions against them, 48; agitation for Emancipation, 58, 59; passing of the Emancipation Bill, 59; and the decree of Pius IX., 182-184; and the Durham Letter, 184-188

Cato Street Conspiracy, 40

'Cave of Adullam,' 329

Cavour, Count, 300, 301, 302

Chadwick, Sir Edwin, 162

Chartist movement, 163; and Feargus O'Connor, 165-168; and its literature, 166

Chatham, Lord, on borough representation, 24, 25, 26

Chelsea Hospital, 62

Cheshunt College, 365

China, opium war against, 121

Church of England, the, and its adoption of Romish practices, 185, 186

Clare, Lord, 6, 7

Clarendon, Lord, 119, 141; his Vice-royalty of Ireland, 153, 182, 196; at the Foreign Office, 221, 224, 231; on Lord Stratford de Redcliffe, 260; Count Buol's proposals, 262, 263, 327

Clive, Mr. Robert, 16, 20

Clubs for the advancement of Reform, 26

Cobbett, William, 26, 64

Cobden, Richard, and the repeal of the Corn Laws, 131, 132, 134; and Wellington, 136, 202, 206, 208, 287; relations with Lord John Russell, 294; negotiates the Commercial Treaty with France, 295, 296; death, 325

Coercion Act: Lord Grey proposes its renewal, 96; Lord John Russell's speech, 97, 98; and O'Connell, 98, 99; Peel's proposal for its renewal, 140

Conspiracy Bill, the, 289, 290

Conyngham, Marquis of, 96

Corn Laws, 121; John Bright on the influences working for their repeal, 130, 131; of 1670 reproduced in 1815, 131 n.; Sir Robert Peel proposes their gradual repeal, 138; bill for repeal passes both Houses, 139; total repeal carried by Russell, 145

Cranworth, Lord, 327

Crime, excessive penalties for, 24

Crimean War: causes, 213-235; outbreak, 243, 246; Alma, 246; Balaclava and Inkerman, 247; siege of Sebastopol, 246, 247; privation and pestilence amongst the Allies, 248, 252; Roebuck's motion in the House of Commons to inquire into the condition of the army before Sebastopol, and Lord John Russell's speech on the question, 254-257; failure of Vienna Conference and renewal of the campaign, 267; fall of Sebastopol, 268; losses of Russia, and of the Allies, 268; treaty of Paris, 268

Croker, J. W., 80, 139

DALLING, Lord, 180

Denmark and the Schleswig-Holstein Question, 322, 323

Derby, Lord, Administration of, 199, 200, 202, 206; fails to form a Ministry on the resignation of Lord Aberdeen, 258; succeeds to the Premiership on the resignation of Lord Palmerston, 290; resignation, 293

Devonshire, Duke of, 49

Dickens, Charles, his tribute to Lord Russell, 354

Disraeli, Benjamin, and the 'poisoned chalice,' 135; attacks Peel on the proposal to repeal the Corn Laws, 138; and the Coercion Bill, 140, 141, 160; and 'Sybil,' 166; and the dismissal of Lord Palmerston, 180, 181; on Lord John Russell's position after the issue of the Durham Letter, 188; his Budget of 1852, 199, 210; leadership of the Conservative party, 201; resolution condemning the Palmerston Ministry, 264; on the exclusion of Lord John from Lord Grey's Cabinet, 273, 290; his Reform Bill, 291, 292; on the Prince Consort, 309; his 'diabolical cleverness,' 333 n.

Dissenters. See Nonconformists

'Don Carlos,' by Lord John Russell, 279

'Don Pacifico' affair, the, 175

Dufferin, Lord, 327, 363

Duffy, Sir Gavan, on Irish landowners, 149

Duhamel, General, his scheme for the acquisition of India by Russia, 218

Duncannon, Lord, 67, 91, 92; appointed Home Secretary, 99. See also Bessborough, Lord

Dunkellin, Lord, 329, 331

Durazzo, Madame, 37

Durham, Lord, his advanced opinions and popularity with the Radicals, 66, 164; and the preparation of the Reform Bill, 67, 68; and the scene in the House of Commons during the introduction of the bill, 69, 89; resigns office, 92; appointed Governor-General of Canada, 110; defended by Lord John Russell, 111; popularity, 164

Durham Letter, the, 184-189, 191

EAST INDIA COMPANY, 89, 288, 289

East Retford, 51

Ebrington, Lord, 75; moves a vote of confidence in Lord Grey's Government, 79; moves a second vote of confidence, 83, 91, 92

Ecclesiastical Titles Bill, 191-193

'Edinburgh Letter,' the, 133

Edinburgh Speculative Society, 13

— University, Lord John Russell at, 11-14; and the influence of Professors Dugald Stewart and John Playfair, 12; and the Speculative Society, 13

Education at the beginning of the century, 24; Roebuck's scheme, 89; Bill of 1839, 114, 115; measure for providing competent teachers for elementary schools, 159; Lord John Russell's scheme of National Education, 284; Mr. Forster's measure, 285

Egypt, war between Turkey and, 119

Elcho, Lord, 329

Eldon, Lord, 40, 50; and the proposed repeal of the Test and Corporation Acts, 57, 58, 63

Elections, Parliamentary, cost of, 23

Elliot, Hon. George, 195, 279, 347, 362

Encumbered Estates Act, 157

Erskine, Lord, 25

'Essay on the History of the English Government and Constitution,' by Lord John Russell, 274, 275

FACTORY ACT, 159

Famine, Irish, 130, 146, 148, 149

Farnborough, Lord, 107

Fielden, Mr., 159

Fitzpatrick, General, 20

Flood, Mr., and Reform, 77, and note

Fonblanque, Albany, 47, 84, 196, 197

Forster, W. E., and the Irish famine, 149; tribute to Lord John Russell for his work in the cause of education, 285, 327

Fortescue, Mr. Chichester, Lord John Russell's 'Letters on the State of Ireland' to, 280, 342

Fox, Charles James, his influence on Lord John Russell, 8; on Parliamentary Representation, 25; and the Test and Corporation Acts, 54, 55; Russell's Biography of him, 98, 272, 277

France: Napoleon's intention to create a new aristocracy, 31; and England's alliance, 120; overthrow and flight of Louis Philippe, 163, 171; and the Spanish marriages, 171; Revolution of 1848, 171; and the 'Don Pacifico' affair, 175; and the Crimean War, 225, 229; the Orsini Conspiracy, 289, 290; Commercial Treaty with England, 295, 296; campaign with Italy, against Austria, 302, 303; annexation of Savoy, 305

Free Trade: the question coming to the front, 121; and Tory opposition, 132; conversion of Peel, 137, 138; and the Commercial Treaty with France, 296

French Revolution, its influence on the English people, 24, 36

Friends of the People, Society of the, 25, 63

Froude, Mr., on the improvements effected by the Reform Bill, 86, 87

'GAGGING ACTS,' the, 39, 40

Garibaldi, General, 300; entry into Naples, 306; visit to Pembroke Lodge, 307

Gascoigne, General, 73

Gatton, 23

Gavazzi, Father, 186

George III., his madness and blindness, 27; and Catholic Emancipation, 59

George IV. and Queen Caroline, 41; and Catholic Emancipation, 59; death, 60, 64

Gibson, Milner, 141, 208, 287, 295

Gladstone, Mr., on the Colonial policy of the Melbourne Government, 117; Colonial Secretary, 136; and Sir Robert Peel, 176; his attack on Disraeli's Budget, 199; and Disraeli's claim to lead the Conservative party, 201 and note; and Lord John Russell's claim to the Premiership on the fall of the Derby Government, 202; takes office under Lord Aberdeen, 207; first Budget, 210; and the income tax, 240; resigns office, 258, 290; Chancellor of the Exchequer (1859), 295; tribute to Russell on his accession to the Peerage, 297, 298; unseated at Oxford, 325; Chancellor of the Exchequer under Lord Russell, 327; introduces a Reform Bill, 328; tribute to Lord Russell, 330; ovation at Carlton House Terrace, 332; and the Irish Question, 342, 363, 366

Glenelg, Lord, 112

Goderich, Lord, 52, 93

Gordon, Lady Georgiana, 3

Gore, Hon. Charles, 348

Gorham Case, the, 182

Gortschakoff, Prince, 261, 267

Goschen, Mr., 327

Graham, Sir James, 67; withdraws from Lord Grey's Ministry, 95; accuses Lord John Russell of encouraging sedition, 119; Home Secretary under Peel, 125; declines the Governor-Generalship of India, 141, 202, 207, 232, 254, 258, 290

Grampound, 27, 40, 41; disfranchised, 43

Granville, Lord, appointed Foreign Secretary, 182; on Lord John Russell's speech in defence of his late colleagues, 266; fails to form a Ministry on the defeat of Lord Derby, 293; becomes President of the Council, 295

Great Exhibition of 1851, 193, 200, 234, 308

Greece and the 'Don Pacifico' affair, 175

Greenock, Lord John Russell's speech on the prospects of war, at, 227

Greville, Charles, comments of, 61, 69, 72, 73, 102, 130, 180, 207, 257, 286

Grey, (Charles, second) Lord, 15, 25; and Lord John Russell's efforts on behalf of liberty, 58, 61; forms an Administration, 62, 65; early labours in the cause of Reform, 63, 64; characteristics, 65; announcement in the House of Lords with regard to the introduction of the first Reform Bill, 68; speech on the second Reform Bill, 76-78; resigns office, but resumes power on the inability of the Duke of Wellington to form a Ministry, 83, 92; changes in his Cabinet, 96; proposes the renewal of the Coercion Act, 96; resigns the Premiership, 99

Grey (Henry, third), Lord, 134; Secretary to the Colonies under Lord John Russell, 141

Grey, Sir George, Home Secretary under Lord John Russell, 141; and Irish crime, 153; appointed Colonial Secretary, 245, 295; Home Secretary, 327

Grillion's Club, 27, 28

Grosvenor, Earl, 329, 330

Grote, George, 90, 110, 111, 320

HABEAS CORPUS ACT, suspension of, 33, 34

Hampden, Dr., and the see of Hereford, 161

Hampden Clubs, 26

Harcourt, Archbishop, on religious tests, 57

Harding, Sir John, and the 'Alabama' Case, 315-317

Hardinge, Sir Henry (afterwards Viscount), 82, 249

Hartington, Lord, 292, 327

Henley, Mr., 291

Herbert of Lea, Lord, 232

Herbert, Sidney, 207, 244, 254, 258

Herschel, Sir John, 355

Hobhouse, Sir J. C., 70, 141

Holland, Lord, visit of Lord John Russell to the Peninsula with, 9-11, 30, 53, 57, 119; and the Life of Charles James Fox, 276

Holland House, 8, 15, 143

Holy Places in Palestine, dispute concerning, 213, 218

Horsman, Mr., 329

Houghton, Lord, 294

House of Commons, abuses and defects in representation before the era of Reform, 22, 23; presentation of the petition of the Friends of the People, 25, 26; suspension of the Habeas Corpus Act, 33, 34; Sir Francis Burdett's motion for universal suffrage, and Lord John Russell's speech, 35; and the 'Gagging Acts,' 39, 40; Lord John's first resolutions in favour of Reform, 40; Lord John proposes an addition of 100 members, 43; introduction and second reading of the first Reform Bill, 69-73; dissolution, 74; first Reform Bill, 69-73; second Reform Bill, 75, 76; third Reform Bill, 81; the first Reformed Parliament, 88; number of Protectionists in 1847, 160

House of Lords, and the proposed enfranchisement of Manchester, 52; and the Test and Corporation Acts, 56, 57; effect of the Duke of Wellington's declaration against Reform, 61; its rejection of Reform, 78; urged by William IV. to withdraw opposition to the Reform Bill, 84; passing of the Reform Bill, 84; and the Jewish Disabilities Bill, 198, 291

Howick, Lord, 134

Hume, Joseph, 72, 80, 90, 121

Hunt, Mr. Ward, 330

— 'Orator,' 26

Huskisson, Mr., 56

Hyde Park, Reform demonstration in, 332

INDEMNITY BILL for Dissenters, 51

India, Napoleon's prophecy as to the acquisition by Russia of, 31; Duhamel's scheme for its acquisition by Russia, 218; Mutiny in, 288

India Bills, 210, 290

Inkerman, battle of, 247

Ireland: condition of affairs on the accession of the Duke of Wellington to power, 53; agitation for Catholic Emancipation, 58, 59; and O'Connell, 90; Lord John Russell's visit in 1833, 91, 92; Poor Law Amendment Act, 93, 107; Mr. Littleton's Tithe Bill, 93; Tithe Bill of 1835, 105, 107; Municipal Bill, 105, 112; passing of the Tithe Bill, 112; Maynooth grant, 127, 128; potato famine, 130, 146, 148, 149; Peel's proposal for renewal of Coercion Act, 140; proposed renewal of Arms Bill, 147, 148; revolt of Young Ireland against O'Connell, 147; measures to relieve distress, 150-152; crime, 153, 154; Arms Bill (1847), 154; Treason Felony Act, 157; Encumbered Estates Act, 157; emigration, 158

Irish Church: Mr. Ward's motion, 95; Peel's accusation against Lord John Russell, 97; Lord John's motion of April 1835, 103, 104

Italy: Lord John Russell's impressions, 37; Lord John's second visit, 48, 49; and the retention by Austria of Lombardy and Venice, 172, 300; accession of Victor Emmanuel II. to the throne of Sardinia, 301; campaign, with France, against Austria, 302, 303; the Peace of Villafranca, 303; intervention of England, 304; annexation of Savoy by France, 305; entry of Garibaldi into Naples, and proclamation of Victor Emmanuel as King of Italy, 306

JAMAICA BILL, the, 114

Jews: exclusion from Parliament, 57; rejection in the Lords of bill for their relief, 89, 198, 210; passing of the bill in 1858, 290, 291

Jones, Gale, 13

KEBLE, Dr., 183

Kennington Common, Chartist demonstration on, 166-168

King, Mr. Locke, 193

Kinglake, Mr., 266, 353

Kingsley, Charles, his 'Alton Locke,' 166

Kossuth, Louis, his visit to England, 179

LABOUCHERE, Mr. (afterwards Lord Taunton), 116, 147

Lambton, Mr. (father of the first Earl of Durham), 25

Lancashire Cotton Famine, 319

Lancaster, Joseph, 115 and note, 281, 282

Lansdowne, Lord, 52, 141, 202, 205, 240, 251, 258

Lascelles, Mr., 23

Lecky, Mr. W. E. H., his reminiscences of Earl Russell, 335-339

Leech, John, 192, 241

Leeds, unrepresented in the House of Commons, 23, 38, 60, 71, 296

'Letters written for the Post, and not for the Press,' question of authorship of, 279, 280

Lewis, Sir George Cornewall, 210, 226, 238; Chancellor of the Exchequer in Lord Palmerston's Ministry, 258; on Lord John Russell's speech announcing his resignation (1855), 265, 295

Lhuys, M. Drouyn de, 261, 262

Lincoln, President, assassination of, 325

Lister, Sir Villiers, 348

Littleton, Mr. (afterwards Lord Hatherton), and the Irish Title Bill, 93; and the Coercion Act, 97

Liverpool, Lord, 21, 33, 50, 63

Llandaff, Bishop of, and the repeal of the Test and Corporation Acts, 57

London University, 106, 107; proposed enfranchisement of, 296

Londonderry, Marquis of, 79

Louis Philippe, overthrow and flight of, 163, 171; and the Spanish marriages, 171

Lowe, Mr., 327, 329, 332

Luddites, riots of the, 32

Lyndhurst, Lord, and Jewish Lord Chancellors, 291

Lyons, Sir Edmund, 252

Lytton, Sir Edward Bulwer, 208, 265

MACAULAY, Lord, 141; urges Lord John Russell to take office in the Coalition Ministry, 204

Mackintosh, Sir James, 25, 39, 53

Magenta, battle of, 303

Malmesbury, Lord, 137

Maltby, Dr., Bishop of Durham, and Lord John Russell's 'Durham Letter,' 184

Manchester, unrepresented in the House of Commons, 23, 38, 51, 60, 71, 126, 155; creation of bishopric of, 160, 296

Martineau, Harriet, 129

Maule, Fox, 141

Maynooth College, 127-130

Mazzini, 300

McCarthy, Mr. Justin, on the attitude of the Catholics towards Lord John Russell, 188

Melbourne, Lord, becomes Prime Minister, 99; dismissed by William IV., 100, 101; again Prime Minister, 104; Queen Victoria's regard for him, 108, 109; characteristics, 108, 170; opinion of the ballot, 109; resigns, but is recalled to power, 114; his recognition of Russell's influence as leader in the Commons, 120; blunders of his Government, 122; defeat of his Government, 123, 144

Melville, Lord, 8

'Memoirs of the Affairs of Europe from the Peace of Utrecht,' by Lord John Russell, 275

Memorandum, Secret, 216, 225

Menschikoff, Prince, 223, 224

Metternich, 171, 300

Miall, Edward, 242

Militia Bill, the, 194, 195

Milton, Lord, 23

Mitchel, John, 157, 158

Moldavia and Wallachia, occupation by Russia of, 224, 229, 259

Monson, Lord, 23

Moore, Thomas, his 'Remonstrance,' 34; accompanies Lord John Russell to the Continent, 36; extracts from his journal, 37, 39, 41; anxiety as to Lord John's politics, 52; on Lord John's success with his motion for the repeal of the Test and Corporation Acts, 58; and Lardner's Encyclopaedia, 91; Russell's 'Memoirs and Correspondence' of Moore, 204, 272, 278

Morpeth, Lord, 141

Municipal Reform Act, 90, 104

NAPOLEON I., Lord Russell's boyish hatred of, 9; Lord John's interview with him at Elba, 28-31; his description of Wellington, 30; opinions on European politics, &c., 29-31; and Talma, 37

Napoleon III., 167; and the Coup d'Etat of 1851, 179; and the fear of his invading England, 194; and the custody of the Holy Places, 218; his alliance with England during the Crimean War, 262; visit to England (1855), 267; interview with Count Cavour, 302; designs with regard to Italy, 303, 304; and the Peace of Villafranca, 303

Navigation Acts, 197

Nesselrode, Count, 214, 215

New Zealand becomes part of the British dominions, 117, 199

Newcastle, Duke of, 207, 232; unpopularity as Secretary for War, 244, 249, 250; incapacity as War Minister, 245

Newman, Dr., 161, 182

Nicholas, Emperor, his ambitious projects, 213, 214; visit to England in 1844 and the Secret Memorandum, 215, 216; friendship with Lord Aberdeen, 217; letter to Queen Victoria, 230; 'Generals Janvier et Fevrier,' 259; death, 259

Nightingale, Miss Florence, 250

Nonconformists: the Indemnity Bill, 51; agitation for repeal of Test and Corporation Acts and their repeal moved and carried by Lord John Russell, 53-57; the Marriage Bill and Registration Act, 106; and the struggle for civil and religious liberty, 184; deputation to Lord Russell, 366

Normanby, Lord, 116, 179, 180

Northcote, Sir Stafford, 369

Nottingham Castle, 79

'Nun of Arrouca, The,' 278

O'BRIEN, Smith, 140, 157, 158

O'Connell, Daniel, 53; his election for Clare, 58, 90, 92; on the revenues of the Irish Church, 97; and the Coercion Bill, 97, 99, 140, 146; and Lord John Russell, 147; and the potato famine, 149, 158

O'Connor, Feargus, 165-168

Old Sarum, 23, 71

Oltenitza, battle of, 230

Omar Pacha, 230

Opium war, the, 121

Orloff, Count, 214

Orsini conspiracy, the, 289, 290

Oxford Movement, the, 161, 182-186, 189

PALMERSTON, Lord, 21, 56, 119; and the despatch to Metternich, 120; Foreign Secretary under Lord John Russell, 141; compared with Russell, 144; early official life and politics, 169; his independent action, 169, 174, 175, 177; his despatch to France on the Spanish marriages, 171; foreign policy, 173, 174; despatch to Sir H. Bulwer at Madrid, 174; and the 'Don Pacifico' affair, 175; popularity, 177; and the Queen's instructions, 178; and the Kossuth incident, 179; and the Coup d'Etat in Paris (1851), 179; dismissed from the Foreign Office, 180; declines the Irish Viceroyalty, 181; his amendment on the Militia Bill, 195; offered a seat in Lord Derby's Cabinet, 201; Home Secretary under Lord Aberdeen, 207; urges the despatch of the fleet to the Bosphorus, 225; resignation, and its withdrawal, 237, 238; succeeds Lord Aberdeen as Prime Minister, 258; and Count Buol's proposals, 262, 263; defeat on the 'Arrow' question and return to power after the General Election, 287; defeat and resignation on the Conspiracy Bill, 290; renewal of friendly relations with Russell, 293; forms a Ministry on the defeat of Lord Derby, 293, 295; indifference to Reform, 296; on Cabinet opinions, 323; death, 325; Lord Lyttelton's opinion of him, 326

Panmure, Lord, 243, 258

Papal aggression, and the decree of Pius IX., 182-184; and the Durham Letter, 184-188

Paris, Treaty of, 268

Parliamentary representation before the era of Reform, 22, 23

Parnell, Sir H., 62

'Partington, Dame,' and Sydney Smith's speech on Reform, 80

'Peace with honour,' 227, 349

Peel, Lady Georgiana, 357

Peel, Sir Robert, 21, 50; leader of the House of Commons under the Duke of Wellington, 52; opposes the repeal of the Test and Corporation Acts, 56; and Catholic Emancipation, 58; and the first Reform Bill, 69, 70, 73, 76, 83; Prime Minister, 102; resignation, 104; and the Whig Ladies-in-Waiting, 114; his motion of want of confidence in the Melbourne Administration, 122; again Prime Minister, 123, 124; characteristics, 126, 127; and the grant to Maynooth College, 127, 128, 130; on the state of Ireland, 128; and the repeal of the Corn Laws, 131; resignation and resumption of office, 134, 136; proposes gradual repeal of Corn Laws, 138, 139; defeat and resignation on the Coercion Bill, 140, 155; and Lord Palmerston, 170; death, 176, 177; and the Emperor Nicholas, 215

Pelissier, General, 263, 267

Pembroke Lodge, 307, 351-353, 356, 357

Penal Code, the, before the era of Reform, 24, 48, 107

Peninsular Campaign, its costliness, 22

Penryn, 40, 51, 52

People's Charter, the, 165

Peterloo Massacre, the, 38

Petty, Lord Henry (afterwards third Marquis of Lansdowne), 12

Pius IX., and his decree of 1850, 182, 183

Playfair, Professor John, 12

Polignac, Prince de, 60, 61

Polish revolt of 1863, 321

Poor Law Amendment Act (Ireland), 93, 107, 151

Poor Law Board, 160

Poor Laws, 89, 126

Potato famine, 130, 146, 148, 149

Prisons, regulation of, 107

Protestant Operative Association of Dublin, 129

Prussia and the Vienna Note, 227; and the Crimean War, 243

Public Health Act, 162

'Punch,' cartoons, &c., in, 192, 241, 242, 307, 367

Pusey, Dr., 161 and note, 183

RAGLAN, Lord, 246, 252, 267

'Recollections and Suggestions,' publication of, 280

Redistribution of Seats Bill, 330

Redcliffe, Lord Stratford de: skill in diplomacy, and early diplomatic life, 218-220; return to Constantinople, 220, 221; and the second Congress at Vienna, 260

Reform: its early advocates, 25-27; and the Society of the Friends of the People, 25; Lord John Russell's first speech on the subject, 35; Sir Francis Burdett's motion of 1819, 35; Lord John brings forward his first resolutions in the House of Commons, 40; disfranchisement of Grampound, 43; Lord John's motion for an addition of 100 members to the House of Commons, 43; resolutions brought forward by Lord Blandford, 59; rejection of Lord John's Bill for enfranchising Manchester, Birmingham, and Leeds, 60; O'Connell's motion for Triennial Parliaments, &c., 60; declaration of the Duke of Wellington, 61; the Committee of Four and the first Reform Bill, 67, 68; introduction and second reading of the first Bill in the Commons, 69-73; the second Bill, 75-78; public excitement on the rejection of the second Bill by the House of Lords, 79, 80; the third Bill passes the Commons, 81; the Bill passes the House of Lords, and receives the Royal Assent, 84; secured by popular enthusiasm, 85, 87; Lord John's Bill of 1852, 196; Bill of 1854, 236, 237, 239; Disraeli's Bill, 291, 292; Lord John's Bill of 1860, 296; Bill introduced by Mr. Gladstone, 328

Regent, Prince, insulted on returning from opening Parliament, 32; and the Peterloo Massacre, 38

Revolution, French (1848), 171

Rice, Mr. Spring, 96

Richmond, Duke of, 89, 95, 124

Ripon, Lord, 95, 124

Roden, Lord, 113

Roebuck, J. A., and education, 89; moves vote of confidence in the Russell Administration, 176; his motion to inquire into the condition of the Army in the Crimea, 254

Rogers, Samuel, 123, 276

Rothschild, Baron, 291

Russell, Mr. G. W. E., 344

Russell, John, the first Constable of Corfe Castle, 1, 2

Russell, Sir John, Speaker of the House of Commons, 2

Russell, John, the third, and first Earl of Bedford, 2

Russell, Lord John: ancestry, 1, 2; boyhood and education, 3-9; schooldays at Sunbury and Westminster, 3-5; extracts from journal kept at Westminster, 4, 5; passion for the theatre, 4; education under Dr. Cartwright, 5; dedicates a manuscript book to Pitt, 6; schooldays and schoolfellows at Woodnesborough, 6-9; writes satirical verses and dramatic prologues, 7, 8; opinion on the case of Lord Melville, 8; influence of Mr. Fox upon him, 8; at Holland House, 8, 336; friendship with Sydney Smith, 8; visit to the English lakes and Scotland, 9; impressions of Sir Walter Scott, 9; first visit to the House of Lords, 9; visit to the Peninsula with Lord and Lady Holland, 9-11; political predilections and sympathy with Spain, 9-11; goes to Edinburgh University, 11; impressions of Professors Dugald Stewart and John Playfair, 12, 13; his powers of debate at the Edinburgh Speculative Society, 13; early bias towards Parliamentary Reform, 14; second visit to Spain, 14, 15; first impressions of Lord Wellington, 15; commands a company of the Bedfordshire Militia, 16; third visit to Spain, 16-20; on the field of Salamanca, 17; at Wellington's head-quarters, 17; his ride to Frenida, 18; dines with a canon at Plasencia, 19; at Talavera and Madrid, 20; elected member for Tavistock, 20; his opinion of Lord Liverpool, 21; maiden speech in Parliament, 27; speech on the Alien Acts, 27; elected a member of Grillion's Club, 27; his Italian tour of 1814-15, 28-31; interview with Napoleon at Elba, 28-31; speeches in Parliament against the renewal of war with France, against the income-tax and the Army Estimates, 32; on the proposal to suspend the Habeas Corpus Act, 33, 34; proposes to abandon politics, 34; literary labours and travel, 34; returned again for Tavistock at the General Election of 1818, 34; first speech in the House of Commons on Parliamentary Reform, 35; growth of his influence in Parliament, 36; visit to the Continent with Thomas Moore, 36, 37; impressions of Italy, 37; brings forward in Parliament his first resolutions in favour of Reform, 40; his bill for disfranchising Penryn, Camelford, Grampound, and Barnstaple, 40; returned to Parliament for Huntingdon, 40; and the case of Grampound, 40, 41, 42, 43; takes the side of Queen Caroline, 41; writes 'The Nun of Arrouca,' 42; taciturnity in French society, 42; his resolutions for the discovery and punishment of bribery, &c., 43, 44; proposes an addition of 100 members to the House of Commons, 43; increase of his political influence, 45, 46; unseated in Huntingdonshire, and his second visit to Italy, 48, 49; elected for Bandon Bridge, 49; on the condition of the Tory party on Canning's accession to power, 50; and restrictions upon Dissenters, 51; proposal to enfranchise Manchester, 51; moves the repeal of the Test and Corporation Acts, 55-57; and Catholic Emancipation, 59; rejection of his bill for enfranchising Manchester, Birmingham, and Leeds, 60; defeated at Bedford, 60; visit to Paris, and efforts to save the life of Prince de Polignac, 60, 61; elected for Tavistock, and appointed Paymaster-General, 62; prepares the first Reform Bill in conjunction with Lord Durham and others, 67; introduces the bill, 69-72; moves the second reading of the Bill, 73; returned to Parliament for Devonshire, 75; raised to Cabinet rank, and introduces second Reform Bill, 75; reply to vote of thanks from Birmingham, 79; introduces the third Reform Bill, 80; carries the bill to the Lords, 81; and the Municipal Reform Act, 90, 104; opposition to Radical measures, 90; and the wants of Ireland, 91; visit to Ireland, 91, 92; on Mr. Littleton's Irish Tithe Bill, 94, 95; 'upsets the coach,' 95; on Coercion Acts, 97, 98; allusion to his Biography of Fox, 98; and the leadership in the House of Commons under the first Melbourne Ministry, 100, 101; William IV.'s opinion of him, 101; returned for South Devon on Peel's accession to power, 102; as leader of the Opposition, 103; and the meeting at Lichfield House, 103; defeats the Government with his Irish Church motion, 104; marriage, 104, 355; appointment to the Home Office in the second Melbourne Administration, 104; defeated in Devonshire, and elected for Stroud, 104; presented with a testimonial at Bristol, 105; and the Dissenters' Marriage Bill, 106; and the Tithe Commutation Act, 106, 107; again returned for Stroud, 107; allusion to the accession of the Queen, 108; declines to take part in further measures of Reform, and is called by Radicals 'Finality John,' 110; death of his wife, 112; Education Bill of 1839, 114, 115; as Colonial Secretary, 116-118, 338; his appointment of a Chartist magistrate, 119; and the Corn Laws, 121; returned for the City of London, 122; second marriage, 123; Wellington's opinion of him, 123; his opinion of Peel's Administration, 126; supports Peel on the Maynooth question, 129, 130; and the repeal of the Corn Laws, 131-134, 139; and the 'Edinburgh Letter,' 133; fails to form a Ministry on the resignation of Peel, 134, 135; opposes Peel's proposal for renewal of Coercion Act, 139, 140; succeeds Peel as Prime Minister, 141; address in the City, 142; political qualities, 143, 145; contrasted with Palmerston, 144; his measure for total repeal of Corn Laws, 145; and sugar duties, 146; proposes renewal of Irish Arms Bill, 146; his Irish policy, and anxiety and efforts for the improvement of the people, 151, 152, 156, 157, 158, 338, 342; and the Arms Bill (1847), 154; again visits Ireland, 158; education measures, 159; returned again for the City, 160; his appointment of Dr. Hampden to the see of Hereford, 161; and the Chartist demonstration of 1848, 166, 168; relations with Lord Palmerston, 170; on the political situation in Europe after the French Revolution of 1848, 171, 172; and Palmerston's action in the 'Don Pacifico' affair, 176; tribute to Sir Robert Peel, 177; dismisses Palmerston from the Foreign Office, 180; and the breach with Palmerston, 181; his 'Durham Letter,' 184-191; introduces the Ecclesiastical Titles Bill, 191; resigns the Premiership, but returns to office on the failure of Lord Stanley to form a Ministry, 193; resignation on the vote on the Militia Bill, 195; his Reform Bill of 1852, 196; defence of Lord Clarendon, 196; edits 'Memoirs and Journal of Thomas Moore,' 204; accepts Foreign Secretaryship in the Aberdeen Administration, 206; his vacillation in taking office under Lord Aberdeen not due to personal motives, 205; retires from Foreign Office, 210, 221; on the projects of Russia, 218, 224, 225; and the Vienna Note, 227; speech at Greenock on the prospects of war, 227; memorandum to the Cabinet on the eve of the Crimean War, 228; Reform Bill of 1854, 236, 239, 241; resignation, 241; resumes his seat in the Cabinet, 242; speech in the House of Commons on withdrawing his Reform measure, 242, 243; proposes a rearrangement of the War and Colonial departments, 244, 248, 251; presses Lord Aberdeen to take decisive action with regard to the Crimean War, 248; memorandum on the Crimean War, 251; proposed resignation, 251, 252; resignation on Roebuck's motion to inquire into the condition of the Army in the Crimea, and his speech on the question, 254-257; becomes Colonial Secretary in Palmerston's Government, 258; plenipotentiary at second Congress of Vienna, 259-263; consents at Palmerston's request to remain in the Ministry, 263; explanations in the House of Commons regarding the failure of the Vienna Conference, 264, 265; announces his resignation (1855), 265; speech in defence of his late colleagues against Roebuck's motion of censure, 266; his mistake in joining the Coalition Ministry, 271; leisure, travel, &c., 272; literary labours, 272-281, 354; and the pension for Moore, 278; remarks on his own career in 'Recollections and Suggestions,' 281, 336; allusions to Joseph Lancaster, 282; work in the cause of education, 282-285, 339; scheme of National Education (1856), 284; opposes Lord Palmerston on the 'Arrow' question, 287; speech in the City and re-election, 287, 288; supports Palmerston at the Indian Mutiny crisis, 288; on the Conspiracy Bill, 289, 290; supports Lord Derby in passing the India Bill, 290; thanked by Jews for his aid in removing their disabilities, 291; attacks Disraeli's Reform Bill, 292; renewal of friendly intercourse with Palmerston, 293; relations with Cobden and Bright, 294; joins Palmerston's Administration (1859) as Foreign Secretary, 295; introduces a new Reform Bill, 296; raised to the Peerage, 297; acquires the Ardsalla estate, and receives the Garter, 298; his work at the Foreign Office, 299, 300; intervention in Italian affairs, 304, 339; protests against the annexation of Savoy by France, 305; receives Garibaldi at Pembroke Lodge, 307; his reception in Italy, 307; and the 'Trent' affair, 311; and the 'Alabama' case, 313-319, 341; on the Polish revolt, 321; and the Schleswig-Holstein difficulty, 322, 323; as Foreign Secretary, 323, 324; on Palmerston's vivacity, 325; second Premiership on the death of Palmerston, 325; tribute to Lord Palmerston, 327; defeated on the questions of Reform and Redistribution of Seats, 331; Mr. Lecky's reminiscences of him, 335-339; relations with colleagues and opponents, 336, 337, 347; speech on the maintenance of the independence of Belgium, 340; letter on the claims of the Vatican, 341, 342; letters to the 'Times' on the government of Ireland, 343; and Home Rule, 338, 343, 344; independent attitude towards the throne, 344; relations with Lord Aberdeen, 346, 347; Lord Selborne's impressions of him, 345; his private secretaries' impressions of him, 347, 348; life at Pembroke Lodge, 351-353; stories about doctors, 350; visit of Bulgarian delegates, 352; friendships, 355; his use of patronage, 355; his children, 356; home life, and his children's reminiscences, 356-361; Dr. Anderson's recollections, 361; a meeting with Carlyle, 362; Lord Dufferin's recollections, 363; religious faith, 364; interview with Spurgeon, 365; at Cheshunt College, 365; Nonconformist deputation, 366; 'Golden Wedding,' 367; death, 367; opinion of Lord Shaftesbury, 368; a remark of Sir Stafford Northcote's, 369

Russell, Hon. Rollo, 360, 367

Russell, William, Member of Parliament in the reign of Edward II., 2

Russell, Lord William (of the seventeenth century), 1; Lord John Russell's Biography of him, 274

Russell, Lord William, Lord John Russell's brother, 6; wounded at Talavera, 14, 34; letter to Lord John, 49

Russia, and India, 31, 218; projects and demands with regard to Turkey, 223, 224; occupation of Moldavia and Wallachia, 224, 229; rejection of the Vienna Note, 226; destroys Turkish fleet at Sinope, 230; evacuates the Principalities, 243; operations in the Crimea, 246-252; death of the Emperor Nicholas, 259; fall of Sebastopol, and losses in the war, 268; and the Polish revolt, 321

SALAMANCA, battle of, 16, 17

Sardinia, and the Crimean War, 267

Schleswig-Holstein question, the, 172, 322, 323

Scott, Sir Walter, Lord John Russell's first acquaintance with, 9; and the Edinburgh Speculative Society, 13, 91, 355

Sebastopol, siege and fall of, 246, 247, 268

Secret Memorandum, the, 216, 225

Sefton, Lord, 75

Selborne, Lord, on the 'Alabama' case, 312-319; impressions of Lord Russell, 345

Seymour, Sir Hamilton, 214

Seymour, Lord Webb, 12

Shaftesbury, Lord, and factory children, 89; and Lord John Russell's support of Peel, 129, 130; and the Factory Bill, 159; special constable in 1848, 167; and Cardinal Wiseman's manifesto, 187; on the Coalition Government, 211, 212, 368

'Shannon' and the 'Chesapeake,' battle between the, 22

Shelley and the Peterloo massacre, 38

Sheridan, Mr., 25

Sidmouth, Lord, 21, 40, 63, 85

Simpson, General, 267

Sinope, destruction of Turkish fleet at, 230, 232, 233

Slave trade, 22, 48, 89

Smith, Rev. —, Vicar of Woodnesborough, a tutor of Lord John Russell's, 6

Smith, Dr. Southwood, and the Public Health Act, 162

Smith, Sydney, friendship with Lord John Russell, 8; on Reform, 27; on the political situation after Canning's accession to power, 50, 51; and 'Dame Partington,' 80; hopeful of the triumph of Reform, 84; and 'Lord John Reformer,' 90; on Lord John's influence in the Melbourne Government, 113

Society of the Friends of the People, 25, 63

Solferino, battle of, 303

Spain, Lord John Russell's visit with Lord and Lady Holland, 9-11; Lord John's sympathy, 9, 10; Lord John's second visit, 14, 15; Lord John's third visit and adventures, 16-20; entry of Wellington into Madrid, 16; the Spanish marriages, 171, 172; Lord Palmerston's interference, 174

Spencer, Lord, on the alliance of England with France, 120

Spurgeon, C. H., 365

Stanhope, Colonel, 14, 15

Stanley, Lord, and Irish affairs, 92, 93; Secretary for the Colonies, 93; and the Irish Church, 95; withdraws from Lord Grey's Cabinet, 95; Secretary for the Colonies under Peel, 124, 134; succeeds to the House of Lords, 141; challenges Palmerston's foreign policy, 176; fails to form a Ministry on the resignation of Lord John Russell, 193

Stanmore, Lord, 118, 119, 211, 231, 233, 347

Stansfeld, Mr., 327

Stewart, Dugald, 12

Stockmar, Baron, 101, 216

Sussex, Duke of, and the claims of Dissenters, 53

Sweden, and the Crimean War, 267

Syllogism, a merry canon's, 19

TAHITI incident, the, 125

Tavistock, monastic lands granted to the first Earl of Bedford, 2; election of Lord John Russell as member for, 20, 62

Tavistock, Lord, elder brother of Lord John Russell, 6, 11

Tennyson, Mr., 90

Tennyson, Lord, his appointment as Poet Laureate, 355

Test and Corporation Acts; agitation for their total repeal, 53, 54; speech of Fox, 54, 55; their provisions, 54; jubilee of repeal, 366

Tithe Acts (Ireland): Mr. Littleton's Bill, 93, 94; Bill of 1835, 105, 107; Bill passes through Parliament, 112

Tithe Commutation Act, 106, 107

Tooke, Horne, 26

Trafalgar Square demonstration on the Reform question, 332

Treason Felony Act, 157

Treaty of Paris (1856), 268

'Trent' affair, the, 310-312

Turkey, war with Egypt, 119; and the custody of the Holy Places in Palestine, 213; the 'sick man' of Europe, 214, 215; oppression of Christian subjects, 217; reception of Lord Stratford de Redcliffe, 222; and the Vienna Note, 224-227; ultimatum to Russia, 229; destruction of fleet by Russia at Sinope, 230; and the second Congress at Vienna, 259-262; and the Treaty of Paris, 268, 269

UNIVERSITY of London, 106, 107; proposed enfranchisement of, 296

VANSITTART, Mr., 21

Vaughan, Cardinal, on Romish practices in the Anglican Church, 190, 191

Victor Emmanuel II., accession to the throne of Sardinia, and efforts to secure Italian independence, 301; proclaimed King of Italy, 306

Victoria, Queen, accession, 107; her regard for Lord Melbourne, 108, 109; declines to dismiss her Whig Ladies-in-Waiting, 114; visit to Ireland, 158; instructions to Lord Palmerston, 178; letter to Lord John Russell on the formation of a Coalition Government, 203; her view of the Coalition Ministry, 208; reply to letter from the Czar on the eve of the Crimean War, 230; and the death of the Prince Consort, 309; letter to Lord Russell on the death of Palmerston, 326; opens Parliament (1866), 328; letter to Lady Russell on the death of the Earl, 368

Vienna, revolt of (1848), 171; Congress, 224; second Congress, 259-262

Vienna Note, 224-228

Villafranca, Treaty of, 303

Villiers, Mr. Charles, 121, 208

Vittoria, battle of, 20

Vitzthum, Count, 217, 324

WALPOLE, Mr. Spencer, on the Arms Bill of the Russell Administration, 154; retires from the Home Office on the introduction of Disraeli's Reform Bill, 291, 330

Ward, Mr., and the Irish Church, 90, 95

Wellington, Duke of, Lord John Russell's first impressions of, 15, 16, 17; described by Napoleon, 30, 50; becomes Prime Minister, 52; and Catholic Emancipation, 58, 59; his declaration against Reform, 61, 65; resignation, 62; predictions on the Reform question, 69; failure to form a Ministry, 83; lament on the triumph of Reform, 85, 114; opinion of Lord John, 123; and the Anti-Corn-Law agitation, 136, 137; and the demonstration on Kennington Common of 1848, 166, 167; and Sir Robert Peel, 176; death, 200; and the Emperor Nicholas, 215

Wesley, influence of the preaching of, 24

Westminster School, its condition at the beginning of the century, 3; Lord John's experiences at, 3-5; some of its celebrated scholars, 3, 4

Westmoreland, Lord, 50

Wetherell, Mr., and the first Reform Bill, 69

Whitfield, influence of his preaching, 24

Wilberforce, William, 89

William IV., his accession, 61, 64; receives a petition in favour of the Grey Administration, 80; refuses his sanction for the creation of new peers, 83; lampooned, 83; urges the House of Lords to withdraw opposition to the Reform Bill, 84; dismisses the first Melbourne Ministry, 100, 101; his opinion of Lord John Russell, 101

Winchilsea, Lord, 57

Wiseman, Cardinal, 182, 183, 186, 187

Wolseley, Sir Charles, 38

Wood, Sir Charles, 141, 193, 258

Working classes, their condition and claims in 1848, 163-165

Wynn, Mr. Charles, 41

ZURICH, Treaty of, 303

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The Queen's Prime Ministers

A SERIES OF POLITICAL BIOGRAPHIES

EDITED BY

STUART J. REID.

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TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE:

The original punctuation, language and spelling have been retained, except where noted [correction in brackets]. Minor typographical errors have been corrected without note.

Pg. 8: atmosphere of Woburn and Woodnesborourgh[Woodnesborough]

Pg. 18: and ink, and a bag of money. He woul[would] not carry anything

Pg. 74: said that the electors in the approachhing[approaching]

Pg. 86: wrote Mr. Froude in in[omitted] 1874. 'Its population

Pg. 244: riend[friend], Mr. Sidney Herbert, were regarded, perhaps

Pg. 265: a matter magnified beyond its true porportions[proportions].'

Pg. 376: and the Coup d'Etat [d'Etat] of 1851, 179;

Pg. 376: and the Coup d'Etat [d'Etat] in Paris (1851), 179;

THE END